Intelligent Recognition of Bangla Handwritten Digits

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) devices are essential for digitizing printed and handwritten materials because they transform text into machine-readable formats. Although OCR technologies have seen remarkable advancements in languages such as English, Tamil, and the Bangla script continues to pose significant challenges due to its structural intricacy and the limited availability of high-quality datasets and advanced recognition models. Addressing these challenges, this study evaluates the performance of deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures namely InceptionV3, ResNet50, and DenseNet121 for Bangla handwritten numeral recognition using the NumtaDB dataset, which is thorough and varied benchmark dataset especially selected for Bangla handwritten digits. We also used an ensemble learning approach to further improve recognition performance by combining the outputs of separate models and…