Azithromycin Resistance in Clinical Isolates of <i>Salmonella enterica</i> Serovars Typhi and Paratyphi in Bangladesh

OBJECTIVE: Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi, the causative agents of typhoid and paratyphoid, are major threats in developing countries. The present study aimed to investigate the resistance pattern of 40 clinically isolated Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi (n = 33) and Paratyphi (n = 7) to commonly used antibiotics, particularly azithromycin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The disc diffusion method was used to investigate the resistance pattern of the clinical isolates against selected antibiotics. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by the broth dilution method. Plate-based assays were used for the detection of efflux pumps. RESULTS: . Although 90% of isolates contained efflux pump, none of the isolates was found to have the mef(A) gene, indicating that some other efflux pump(s) might…