PK/PD study of ceftazidime/avibactam in patients with severe intra-abdominal infections treated by continuous veno–venous hemofiltration

Purpose To investigate the pharmacokinetics (PK) of ceftazidime/avibactam and optimize dosing regimens in patients with severe intra-abdominal infection (sIAI) receiving continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH). Methods Seven patients with sIAI treated with ceftazidime/avibactam and CVVH were enrolled. Blood samples were collected at pre-dose and post-dose (2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 h) during hemodynamic stability. Plasma concentrations were measured, and PK parameters were calculated. Monte Carlo simulations (MCSs) were used to assess the probability of target attainment (PTA) and cumulative fraction of response (CFR) for different dosing regimens. Results CVVH increased the clearance (CL) significantly (ceftazidime: 2.46 ± 0.29 vs. 0.9 ± 0.11 L/h; avibactam: 2.89 ± 0.41 vs. 1.09 ± 0.08 L/h, p T = 1.0 mg/L (avibactam), during CVVH,…