The effects of nano-selenium and/or vitamin C on the growth performance, blood health, organ histology, molecular alterations, and disease resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) against Saprolegnia ferax

Nanomaterials such as selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are commonly used in everyday products and offer numerous health benefits to aquatic animals. Vitamin C (Vit C) is an essential micronutrient for fish because of its strong antioxidant properties. However, the combined effects of SeNPs and Vit C on enhancing disease resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) have not been thoroughly explored. This study investigates the impacts of SeNPs and/or Vit C on the performance, blood parameters, histology, gene expression, and resistance to Saprolegnia ferax in Nile tilapia (O. niloticus). The fish fingerlings (n = 240, averaging 32 ± 3.0 g) were divided equally into four experimental groups, with 60 fish in each group. The fish were fed a basal diet as a…