Lumpy Skin Disease in Cattle and Buffalo in Asian Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

BACKGROUND: Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an acute viral transboundary disease of cattle and buffalo with significant economic importance caused by the LSD virus in the Poxviridae family. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the regional prevalence of LSD in cattle and buffalo in Asian countries using a systematic approach. METHODS: A systematic search for articles on the prevalence of LSD in cattle and buffalo was performed via PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and article reference lists published between 1 January, 2012 and 28 February, 2025. Articles were selected according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence was estimated through a random effects meta-analysis model because significant heterogeneity existed among the studies. RESULTS: The overall…