The common monkey of Southeast Asia: Long-tailed macaque populations, ethnophoresy, and their occurrence in human environments

The long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) population spreads over one of the widest geographical ranges of any primate, trailing only humans (Homo sapiens) and rhesus macaques (M. mulatta) (Wheatley,1999) (Figure 1.1). According to Fooden (1995, 2006), the population extends across the majority of mainland Southeast Asia. They occur in the southeastern most part of Bangladesh, spreading south along the coast of Myanmar, east through the southern two-thirds of Thailand, all of Cambodia, the southeastern tip of Laos, and through the southern half of Vietnam. Through Thailand, the population extends past the Isthmus of Kra, and occurs all through Sundaland (i.e., peninsular Malaysia and the Indonesian archipelago west of the Wallace line) and into the Philippines. Long-tailed macaques also occur on smaller…