Integrating design and system approaches for analyzing road traffic collisions in low-income settings

Road crashes have become a critical issue in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where complex social and systemic factors exacerbate road safety challenges. This study combines Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes-Systems Theoretic Process Analysis (STAMP-STPA) and Design with Intent (DwI), aiming to address both systemic and design-based factors, providing a comprehensive framework for enhancing road safety interventions in LMICs. A case study of a head-on collision in Bangladesh is analyzed using STAMP-STPA and DwI independently where the former identifies control and feedback failures, and the latter generates creative design solutions for road safety improvements. The design ideas generated in DwI workshops are analyzed using natural language processing (NLP) techniques, including topic modeling and bigram analysis, to extract key themes and…