Climate change, disability, and water, sanitation and hygiene: A scoping review of evidence and interventions in low and middle-income countries

Climate hazards, including extreme weather events, undermine essential water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services, exacerbating health disparities in people with disabilities. Despite this, WASH policies and adaptation strategies often overlook the need for disability inclusive measures. The scoping review objectives are to 1) map the evidence on how climate risks affect WASH services and coping strategies in low-and middle-income countries, with a particular focus on people with disabilities; and 2) assess evidence for the effectiveness of climate-resilient WASH interventions, emphasising their impact on people with disabilities. Our review identified substantial data on women and girls, so the results reflect binary gender considerations. A systematic search of nine databases, including CINAHL Complete, Global Health, GreenFILE, and MEDLINE via PubMed, was conducted…