Location of Energy Storage to Reduce Influence of LFO Based on Electrical Distance Weighted by Equipment Participation Factor

Increasing wind and solar powers are integrated to power systems through the converters, and gradually replace the thermal synchronous generators (SGs), possibly intensifying low-frequency oscillation in power system. Energy storage (ES) helps to smooth power fluctuation and balance active power. A location scheme for energy storage to reduce influence of low-frequency oscillation is proposed. At first, power system with the SGs, DFIGs, PMSGs, PVs, and ESs are modeled, thereby proposing direct solution to active power at the receiving end. Then with the linearized system model, the participation factor between LFO mode and state variable is derived. The equipment participation factor (EPF) for the SGs, wind turbine generator, photovoltaic station, energy storage, or their components, are proposed. The electrical distance of…