Chromium from tannery waste in poultry feed: A potential cradle to transport human food chain

Raw skin trimmings (RST), wet blue shaving dusts (WSD), and low-chrome wet-blue scraps (LCWS) are protein-rich tannery wastes which are used as one of the main ingredients for manufacturing of poultry feeds. These feeds may contain toxic chromium, which accumulates in the poultry and cause chrome contamination in human food chain. It is a major concern for humans consuming these poultry as part of their regular diet. In this study, tannery wastes, 12 brands of poultry feeds, broiler chickens (Gallus gallusdomesticus) nourished on chrome containing feed were collected for the investigation of total chromium present and circulated through the process of ingestion and digestion. The chromium content of RST and all poultry feed samples were found to be below 0.03…