Modeling fragmentation probability of land-use and land-cover using the bagging, random forest and random subspace in the Teesta River Basin, Bangladesh

Land-use and land-cover (LULC) changes have become a crucial issue that urgently needs to be addressed due to global environmental change. Many studies have employed remote sensing data for assessing LULC changes, however, the investigation of fragmentation probability modeling is still scarce in the existing literature. Thus, the coupling of bagging, random forest (RF), random subspace (RSS), and their ensemble model with multi-temporal datasets within the GIS environment makes it possible to model the fragmentation probability of LULC in the Teesta River Basin (TRB), Bangladesh. The number of patch (NP), edge density (ED), largest patch index (LPI), contagion index (%) (CONTAG), aggregation index (AI), perimeter area ratio (P/A ratio), the class area (CA), percentage of landscape (PLAND), patch density (PD),…