Conversion of algal biomass into renewable fuel: A mini review of chemical and biochemical processes

Microalgae are a vital resource for the coming years to address the concern of decrease in oil reserves and the negative impacts of fossil fuels on the environment. Their utilization is crucial for a wide range of industrial applications. Depending on the strain, microalgae contain a variety of chemical components and can be treated biochemically or thermochemically. This review thus focuses on the biochemical mechanisms that are used to convert algal biomass into sustainable fuel, including the challenges and potential of those processes. Microalgae have been shown to be a viable third-generation alternative to conventional biofuel feedstocks. The optimum production of biofuel depends on the proper selection of microalgae species based on their lipid, carbohydrate, and protein content in order…