Md. Abul Kalam Azad, Manobendro Sarker, Tiejun Li, Jie Yin
Probiotics are microbial strains that are beneficial to health, and their potential has recently led to a significant increase in research interest in their use to modulate the gut microbiota. The animal gut is a complex ecosystem of host cells, microbiota, and available nutrients, and the microbiot...
Mihai Pop, Alan W. Walker, Joseph N. Paulson, Brianna Lindsay et al.
BACKGROUND: Diarrheal diseases continue to contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality in infants and young children in developing countries. There is an urgent need to better understand the contributions of novel, potentially uncultured, diarrheal pathogens to severe diarrheal disease, as w...
Ansel Hsiao, Akhter Ahmed, Sathish Subramanian, Nicholas W. Griffin et al.
Given the global burden of diarrhoeal diseases, it is important to understand how members of the gut microbiota affect the risk for, course of, and recovery from disease in children and adults. The acute, voluminous diarrhoea caused by Vibrio cholerae represents a dramatic example of enteropathogen ...
Audrie Lin, Elisabeth M. Bik, Elizabeth K. Costello, Les Dethlefsen et al.
BACKGROUND: Our current understanding of the composition and stability of the human distal gut microbiota is based largely on studies of infants and adults living in developed countries. In contrast, little is known about the gut microbiota and its variation over time in older children and adolescen...
Kate S. Baker, Timothy J. Dallman, Philip Ashton, Martin Day et al.
Background Shigellosis is an acute, severe bacterial colitis that, in high-income countries, is typically associated with travel to high-risk regions (Africa, Asia, and Latin America). Since the 1970s, shigellosis has also been reported as a sexually transmitted infection in men who have sex with me...
Arjun S. Raman, Jeanette L. Gehrig, Siddarth Venkatesh, Hao-Wei Chang et al.
Characterizing the organization of the human gut microbiota is a formidable challenge given the number of possible interactions between its components. Using a statistical approach initially applied to financial markets, we measured temporally conserved covariance among bacterial taxa in the microbi...
Jason B. Harris, Ashraful Islam Khan, Regina C. LaRocque, David J. Dorer et al.
Individuals with blood group O are more susceptible than other individuals to severe cholera, although the mechanism underlying this association is unknown. To assess the respective roles of both intrinsic host factors and adaptive immune responses that might influence susceptibility to infection wi...
Jie Liu, Jean Gratz, Caroline Amour, Rosemary Nshama et al.
Detection and quantification of enteropathogens in stool specimens is useful for diagnosing the cause of diarrhea but is technically challenging. Here we evaluate several important determinants of quantification: specimen collection, nucleic acid extraction, and extraction and amplification efficien...
Wasif Ali Khan, Carlos Seas, Ujjwal Dhar, Mohammed Abdus Salam et al.
BACKGROUND: Treatment of shigellosis is currently limited by the high prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains of Shigella. OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of azithromycin in the treatment of shigellosis. DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind clinical trial. SETTING: Diarrhea treatment center in Dh...
DavidA. Sack, A Eusof, MichaelH. Merson, RobertE. Black et al.
Of 57 male children, aged 5 months to 2 1/2 years with rotavirus diarrhoea, 28 were given oral therapy with sucrose electrolyte solution and 29 were given glucose electrolyte solution in a randomised double-blind trial. All were rehydrated and remained so on oral therapy alone. These patients were c...
Cynthia L. Sears, Salequl Islam, Amit Saha, Maleka Arjumand et al.
BACKGROUND: Diarrheal illnesses remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with increasing recognition of long-term sequelae, including postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome and growth faltering, as well as cognitive deficits in children. Identification of specific etiologic agent...
Peter Speelman, I Kabir, Mohammed Rafiqul Islam
In a study of the distribution and severity of colonic lesions in patients with shigellosis, colonoscopy was performed for 33 men with this disease. All 33 patients had inflammatory lesions in the rectosigmoid area; in 18 (55%) the lesions extended to the splenic flexure, in 14 (42%) the disease ext...
Shrikant S. Bhute, Pranav Pande, Sudarshan A. Shetty, Rahul Shelar et al.
The gut microbiome has varied impact on the wellbeing of humans. It is influenced by different factors such as age, dietary habits, socio-economic status, geographic location and genetic makeup of individuals. For devising microbiome-based therapies, it is crucial to identify population specific fea...
Thomas Butler, Asma Islam, Iqbal Kabir, Paul K. Jones
Features of typhoid fever were correlated with age and gender through a review of the charts of 552 hospitalized culture-positive patients with diarrhea in Bangladesh. Seizures occurred more frequently in children from birth through 10 years of age (5%-11%) and pneumonia more frequently in children ...
Marc Struelens, D Patte, I Kabir, Abdus salam et al.
The prevalence, presentation, and outcome of bacteremia due to Shigella and other gram-negative bacteria were determined by review of records of 2,018 inpatients with shigellosis who had their blood cultured in a Bangladeshi hospital in 1976-1983. Shigella bacteremia occurred in 82 (4.1%) patients; ...