David E. Swayne
There are 30 recorded epizootics of H5 or H7 high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) from 1959 to early 2012. The largest of these epizootics, affecting more birds and countries than the other 29 epizootics combined, has been the H5N1 HPAI, which began in Guangdong China in 1996, and has killed or...
Mark C. Steinhoff, Saad B. Omer, Eliza Roy, Shams El Arifeen et al.
BACKGROUND: There are limited data about the effect of maternal influenza infection on fetuses and newborns. We performed a secondary analysis of data from the Mother's Gift project, a randomized study designed to test the effectiveness of inactivated influenza and pneumococcal vaccines during pregn...
Mark C. Steinhoff, Saad B. Omer, Eliza Roy, Shams El Arifeen et al.
The authors present antibody data for mothers and infants from a trial of influenza vaccine in pregnant women. The observations suggest that maternal immunization results in the presence of antibod...
Siddhartha Saha, Mandeep Chadha, Abdullah Al Mamun, Mahmudur Rahman et al.
OBJECTIVE: To characterize influenza seasonality and identify the best time of the year for vaccination against influenza in tropical and subtropical countries of southern and south-eastern Asia that lie north of the equator. METHODS: Weekly influenza surveillance data for 2006 to 2011 were obtained...
Orin S. Levine, Katherine L. O’Brien, Maria Deloria Knoll, David R. Murdoch et al.
The Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) project is a 7-country, standardized, comprehensive evaluation of the etiologic agents causing severe pneumonia in children from developing countries. During previous etiology studies, between one-quarter and one-third of patients failed to yi...
Qifang Bi, Eva Ferreras, Lorenzo Pezzoli, Dominique Legros et al.
BACKGROUND: Killed whole-cell oral cholera vaccines (kOCVs) are becoming a standard cholera control and prevention tool. However, vaccine efficacy and direct effectiveness estimates have varied, with differences in study design, location, follow-up duration, and vaccine composition posing challenges...
The divergence of the hemagglutinin gene of A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996-lineage H5N1 viruses during 2011 and 2012 (807 new sequences collected through December 31, 2012) was analyzed by phylogenetic and p-distance methods to define new clades using the pre-established nomenclature system. Eight new cla...
Abram L. Wagner, Nina B. Masters, Gretchen J. Domek, Joseph L. Mathew et al.
Vaccine hesitancy is a continuum of behaviors ranging from delay in receipt to vaccination refusal. Prior studies have typically focused on high-income countries, where vaccine hesitancy is particularly prevalent in more affluent groups, but the relationship between socioeconomic status and vaccine ...
Saverio Caini, Gabriela Kusznierz, Verónica Vera Garate, Sonam Wangchuk et al.
We describe the epidemiological characteristics, pattern of circulation, and geographical distribution of influenza B viruses and its lineages using data from the Global Influenza B Study. We included over 1.8 million influenza cases occurred in thirty-one countries during 2000-2018. We calculated t...
Mosiur Rahman, Sarker Obaida-Nasrin
OBJECTIVE: This article establishes the hypothesis that predisposing, enabling and household needs influence the complete vaccination status of children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data from the 2004 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (N= 3530) was used. The data was analyzed using descriptive and ...
Tom Jefferson, Alessandro Rivetti, Carlo Di Pietrantonj, Vittorio Demicheli
Background The consequences of influenza in children and adults are mainly absenteeism from school and work. However, the risk of complications is greatest in children and people over 65 years of age. This is an update of a review published in 2011. Future updates of this review will be made only wh...
Wiku Adisasmito, Paul K.S. Chan, Nelson Lee, Ahmet Faik Öner et al.
BACKGROUND: Influenza A(H5N1) continues to cause infections and possesses pandemic potential. METHODS: Data sources were primarily clinical records, published case series, and governmental agency reports. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the effect of treatment on survival, w...
Alicia M. Fry, Doli Goswami, Kamrun Nahar, Amina Tahia Sharmin et al.
Background Influenza causes substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Few data exist for the efficacy of neuraminidase inhibitors, which are the only readily available influenza treatment options, especially in low-income settings. We assessed the efficacy of treatment with the neuraminidase in...
Varsha Jain, Luis Rivera, Khalequ Zaman, Roberto A. Espos et al.
BACKGROUND: Commonly used trivalent vaccines contain one influenza B virus lineage and may be ineffective against viruses of the other B lineage. We evaluated the efficacy of a candidate inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) containing both B lineages. METHODS: In this multinational, phas...
W. Abdullah Brooks, Doli Goswami, Mustafizur Rahman, Kamrun Nahar et al.
BACKGROUND: Pneumonia is the leading cause of child mortality worldwide. The role of influenza in childhood pneumonia in tropical developing countries is poorly understood. We undertook population-based surveillance among low-income urban preschool children to determine its role in childhood pneumon...