Karine Brudey, Jeffrey Driscoll, Leen Rigouts, Wolfgang M. Prodinger et al.
BACKGROUND: The Direct Repeat locus of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) is a member of the CRISPR (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) sequences family. Spoligotyping is the widely used PCR-based reverse-hybridization blotting technique that assays the genetic dive...
D. Gareth Evans, Doyle J. Evans
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) belonging to serogroups O6 and O8 do not possess the H-10407-type colonization factor antigen (CFA/I). However, these frequently isolated ETEC were found to possess a second and distinct heat-labile surface-associated colonization factor antigen, termed CFA/II...
Marc Monot, Nadine Honoré, Thierry Garnier, Nora Zidane et al.
Reductive evolution and massive pseudogene formation have shaped the 3.31-Mb genome of Mycobacterium leprae, an unculturable obligate pathogen that causes leprosy in humans. The complete genome sequence of M. leprae strain Br4923 from Brazil was obtained by conventional methods (6x coverage), and Il...
Richard J. Whittington, Karsten Donat, M.F. Weber, D.F. Kelton et al.
Paratuberculosis, a chronic disease affecting ruminant livestock, is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). It has direct and indirect economic costs, impacts animal welfare and arouses public health concerns. In a survey of 48 countries we found paratuberculosis to be very com...
Sayera Banu, Nadine Honoré, Brigitte Saint‐Joanis, Dana J. Philpott et al.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv contains 67 PE-PGRS genes, with multiple tandem repetitive sequences, encoding closely related proteins that are exceptionally rich in glycine and alanine. As no functional information was available, 10 of these genes were selected and shown to be expressed in vitro ...
Armand Van Deun, K. J. M. Aung, Valentin Bola, Rossin Lebeke et al.
The rapid diagnosis of rifampin resistance is hampered by a reported insufficient specificity of molecular techniques for detection of rpoB mutations. Our objective for this study was to document the prevalence and prognostic value of rpoB mutations with unclear phenotypic resistance. The study desi...
Luca Freschi, Roger Vargas, Ashaque Husain, S. M. Mostofa Kamal et al.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a clonal pathogen proposed to have co-evolved with its human host for millennia, yet our understanding of its genomic diversity and biogeography remains incomplete. Here we use a combination of phylogenetics and dimensionality reduction to reevaluate the population stru...
Matteo Zignol, Anna Dean, Natavan Alikhanova, Sönke Andres et al.
BACKGROUND: Pyrazinamide and fluoroquinolones are essential antituberculosis drugs in new rifampicin-sparing regimens. However, little information about the extent of resistance to these drugs at the population level is available. METHODS: In a molecular epidemiology analysis, we used population-bas...
Murali Gopal, Nesri Padayatchi, John Metcalfe, Max R. O’Donnell
The increased incidence of drug-resistant tuberculosis has created an urgent necessity for the development of new and effective anti-tuberculosis drugs and for alternative therapeutic regimens. Clofazimine (CFZ) is a fat-soluble riminophenazine dye used in the treatment of leprosy worldwide. CFZ has...
Vidyullatha Peddireddy, Sankara Narayana Doddam, Niyaz Ahmed
Tuberculosis caused by the intracellular pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) claims more than 1.5 million lives worldwide, annually. Despite promulgation of multipronged strategies to prevent and control tuberculosis, there is no significant downfall occurring in the number of new cases; and ...
Peter Speelman, I Kabir, Mohammed Rafiqul Islam
In a study of the distribution and severity of colonic lesions in patients with shigellosis, colonoscopy was performed for 33 men with this disease. All 33 patients had inflammatory lesions in the rectosigmoid area; in 18 (55%) the lesions extended to the splenic flexure, in 14 (42%) the disease ext...
Anthony Costello, Ashok Kumar, Vidhya S. Narayan, Mamoon Akbar et al.
Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G responses to a variety of mycobacterial antigens were measured in children from the UK, in children with tuberculosis from Hyderabad, India and Dhaka, Bangladesh, classified according to whether the disease was disseminated or localized, and in non-tuberculous controls. A...
R. Bradley Sack, M. John Albert, Khorshed Alam, P K Neogi et al.
We undertook a controlled study of children younger than 5 years in Bangladesh to determine whether enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) was associated with diarrhea in this population. ETBF was isolated from 22 (6.1%) of 358 patients and 5 (1.2%) of 425 controls (P = 0.0001). In children you...
Richard Kock, Anita L. Michel, Dorothy Yeboah‐Manu, Esam I. Azhar et al.
Despite slow reductions in the annual burden of active human tuberculosis (TB) cases, zoonotic TB (zTB) remains a poorly monitored and an important unaddressed global problem. There is a higher incidence in some regions and countries, especially where close association exists between growing numbers...
Armand Van Deun, K. J. M. Aung, Md Anwar Hossain, Pim de Rijk et al.
SETTING: Greater Mymensingh area, Bangladesh. OBJECTIVES: To document among new tuberculosis (TB) patients the proportions and treatment outcomes of silent, non-disputed and disputed (generally missed by rapid drug susceptibility testing [DST]) rpoB mutations, and their detection by commercial molec...