Jian Luo, Trevor Duke, Mohammod Jobayer Chisti, Elizabeth Kepreotes et al.
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the efficacy of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy in providing respiratory support of children with acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI), hypoxemia, and respiratory distress. STUDY DESIGN We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that compare...
Kusum Menon, Luregn J. Schlapbach, Samuel Akech, Andrew C. Argent et al.
OBJECTIVES: Sepsis is responsible for a substantial proportion of global childhood morbidity and mortality. However, evidence demonstrates major inaccuracies in the use of the term "sepsis" in clinical practice, coding, and research. Current and previous definitions of sepsis have been developed usi...
Andrea N. DeLuca, Laura L. Hammitt, Julia Kim, Melissa M. Higdon et al.
BACKGROUND.: Induced sputum (IS) may provide diagnostic information about the etiology of pneumonia. The safety of this procedure across a heterogeneous population with severe pneumonia in low- and middle-income countries has not been described. METHODS.: IS specimens were obtained as part a 7-count...
M. Nazmul Hoque, Md. Murshed Hasan Sarkar, M. Shaminur Rahman, Shahina Akter et al.
The microbiota of the nasopharyngeal tract (NT) play a role in host immunity against respiratory infectious diseases. However, scant information is available on interactions of SARS-CoV-2 with the nasopharyngeal microbiome. This study characterizes the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on human nasoph...
F P van Loon, Michael L. Bennish, Peter Speelman, Christopher Butler
To determine if loperamide is effective and safe in treating watery diarrhoea, we randomly assigned 50 adult expatriates in Bangladesh with more than three unformed stools in the previous 24 hours and illness of less than 72 hours to receive loperamide or a placebo. On entry into the five day study ...
Thomas P. Green, Frank W. Moler, Denise M. Goodman
OBJECTIVE: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been used with increasing frequency for respiratory failure that is unresponsive to conventional therapy. We examined the relationship between duration of ECMO and outcome to understand whether prolonged ECMO (duration of the procedure for > ...
Virginie Lemiale, Jérôme Lambert, Emmanuel Canet, Djamel Mokart et al.
BACKGROUND: We sought to identify risk factors for mechanical ventilation in patients with malignancies and acute respiratory failure (ARF). METHODS: We analyzed data from a previous randomized controlled trial in which nonintubated oncology and hematology subjects with ARF were randomized to early ...
David R. Murdoch, Susan C. Morpeth, Laura L. Hammitt, Amanda J. Driscoll et al.
BACKGROUND.: It is standard practice for laboratories to assess the cellular quality of expectorated sputum specimens to check that they originated from the lower respiratory tract. The presence of low numbers of squamous epithelial cells (SECs) and high numbers of polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells are ...
M. Helm, Gert‐Jan Kremers, L. Lampl, B. Hoßfeld
BACKGROUND: Pre-hospital tracheal intubation (TI) is an important but difficult procedure with the potential to produce hypoxaemia. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of desaturation episodes during out-of-hospital rapid sequence induction (RSI) and TI by the medical team of a Germ...
Adriano Arguedas, Krzysztof Trzciński, Katherine L. O’Brien, Daniela M. Ferreira et al.
INTRODUCTION: Most of the current evidence regarding pneumococcal upper respiratory colonization in adults suggests that despite high disease burden, carriage prevalence is low. Contemporary studies on adult pneumococcal colonization have largely followed the pediatric approach by which samples are ...
Gentle Sunder Shrestha, Arthur Kwizera, Ganbold Lundeg, John I. Baelani et al.
Lovely Barai, Kaniz Fatema, Jalaluddin Ashraful Haq, Mohammad Omar Faruq et al.
Critically ill patients admitted in intensive care units (ICU) are always at a higher risk of developing infections with various antibiotic resistant organisms. The objective of this study was to know the antibiotic resistance pattern of the common isolates from blood, urine, respiratory secretions ...
Mohammad Jhahidul Alam, Simanta Roy, Mohammad Azmain Iktidar, Fahmida Khatun Padma et al.
BACKGROUND: In 3%-19% of patients, reintubation is needed 48-72 hours following extubation, which increases intensive care unit (ICU) morbidity, mortality, and expenses. Extubation failure is frequently caused by diaphragm dysfunction. Ultrasonography can be used to determine the mobility and thickn...
Md. Maruf Ahmed Molla, Mahmuda Yeasmin, Md. Khairul Islam, Mohiuddin Sharif et al.
BACKGROUND: As evidence is mounting regarding irrational and often unnecessary use of antibiotics during the COVID-19 pandemic a cross-sectional Point Prevalence Survey (PPS) (in accordance with WHO guideline) was conducted across COVID-19 dedicated wards in Dhaka Medical College and Hospital (DMCH)...
Donald M. Thea, Phil Seidenberg, Daniel E. Park, Lawrence Mwananyanda et al.
BACKGROUND.: Sputum examination can be useful in diagnosing the cause of pneumonia in adults but is less well established in children. We sought to assess the diagnostic utility of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of respiratory viruses and bacteria in induced sputum (IS) specimens from...