T El-Khoby, N Galal, A Fenwick, Rashida Barakat et al.
Health questionnaires and parasitologic examinations of urine and stool were evaluated from a stratified random sample of 89,180 individuals from 17,172 households in 251 rural communities in 9 governorates of Egypt to investigate the prevalence of, risk factors for, and changing pattern of infectio...
Mina Ziarati, Mohammad Jalil Zorriehzahra, Fatemeh Hassantabar, Zibandeh Mehrabi et al.
spp. are also considered fish-derived zoonotic pathogens. Two groups of fish-associated fungi causing basidiobolomycosis and sporotrichosis also pose a zoonotic risk for humans. The majority of the fish-derived zoonotic diseases are transmitted to humans mainly via the consumption of improperly cook...
The divergence of the hemagglutinin gene of A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996-lineage H5N1 viruses during 2011 and 2012 (807 new sequences collected through December 31, 2012) was analyzed by phylogenetic and p-distance methods to define new clades using the pre-established nomenclature system. Eight new cla...
Rashidul Haque, Shantanu Roy, Abdullah Siddique, Utpal K. Mondal et al.
Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis, and Cryptosporidium spp. are not only three of the most important and common diarrhea-causing parasitic protozoa, but they often have similar clinical presentations. Microscopic diagnosis of these parasites is neither sensitive nor specific. Recently, mor...
Peter Nejsum, E. Davis Parker, Jane Frydenberg, Allan Roepstorff et al.
A preliminary epidemiological survey indicated an association between Ascaris infections in Danish patients and contact with pigs or pig manure. In the present study, we compared Ascaris worms collected from humans and Ascaris worms collected from pigs by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP...
Mafalda Viana, Sarah Cleaveland, Jason Matthiopoulos, Jo E. B. Halliday et al.
Morbilliviruses cause many diseases of medical and veterinary importance, and although some (e.g., measles and rinderpest) have been controlled successfully, others, such as canine distemper virus (CDV), are a growing concern. A propensity for host-switching has resulted in CDV emergence in new spec...
Mohammadali Khan Mirzaei, Md Anik Ashfaq Khan, Prakash Ghosh, Zofia E. Taranu et al.
Stunting, a severe and multigenerational growth impairment, globally affects 22% of children under the age of 5 years. Stunted children have altered gut bacterial communities with higher proportions of Proteobacteria, a phylum with several known human pathogens. Despite the links between an altered ...
J. A. Johnson, C A Salles, Pinaki Panigrahi, M. John Albert et al.
Although Vibrio cholerae O139 synonym Bengal strains, from the current epidemics in India and Bangladesh, are closely related to seventh-pandemic strains, as shown by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, Bengal strains are encapsulated and portions of the O1 antigen biosynthetic complex genes found in...
Ann E. Kelley
Rashidul Haque, Dinesh Mondal, Anwarul Karim, Imarot Hossain Molla et al.
BACKGROUND: The parasitic causes of diarrhea have historically been identified by use of microscopy; however, the use of this technique does not allow one to distinguish between subspecies or genotypes of parasites. Our objective was to determine, by use of modern diagnostic methods, the proportion ...
Oddmund Kleven, Terje Laskemoen, Frode Fossøy, Raleigh J. Robertson et al.
Spermatozoa are among the most diversified cells in the animal kingdom, but the underlying evolutionary forces affecting intraspecific variation in sperm morphology are poorly understood. It has been hypothesized that sperm competition is a potent selection pressure on sperm variation within species...
Yicong Jia, Shan Jin, Kunkun Hu, Lei Geng et al.
Gut microbiome profoundly affects many aspects of host physiology and behaviors. Here we report that gut microbiome modulates aggressive behaviors in Drosophila. We found that germ-free males showed substantial decrease in inter-male aggression, which could be rescued by microbial re-colonization. T...
Ethan Gough, David A. Stephens, Erica E. M. Moodie, Andrew J. Prendergast et al.
BACKGROUND: Chronic malnutrition, termed stunting, is defined as suboptimal linear growth, affects one third of children in developing countries, and leads to increased mortality and poor developmental outcomes. The causes of childhood stunting are unknown, and strategies to improve growth and relat...
Mohammad Bozlur Rahman, Leen Vandaele, Tom Rijsselaere, Dominiek Maes et al.
The objectives of this study were to identify the stages of spermatogenesis susceptible to elevated testicular temperature in terms of sperm motility, viability, morphology, chromatin protamination and nuclear shape. The latter two valuable parameters are not included in routine semen analysis. Scro...
Benito A. González, R. Eduardo Palma, Beatriz Zapata, Juan Carlos Valdez Marín
ABSTRACT We review the status of the four currently recognized guanaco Lama guanicoe subspecies, and provide information about their taxonomy and distribution. The success of guanaco in inhabiting open habitats of South America is based mainly on the flexibility of their social behaviour and ecophys...