Mercedes Pascual, Luis Fernando Chaves, Benjamin A. Cash, Xavier Rodó et al.
Retrospective studies of cholera time series in Bangladesh have established a role of the El Nio Southern Oscillation (ENSO), but also of the non-linear dynamics of the disease itself, through changes in the population levels of immunity in this endemic region. The prediction ability of a semi-mech..
Benjamin A. Cash, Xavier Rodó, Michael Emch, Mohammad Yunus et al.
BACKGROUND: Comparative studies of the associations between different infectious diseases and climate variability, such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, are lacking. Diarrheal illnesses, particularly cholera and shigellosis, provide an important opportunity to apply a comparative approach. Chole...
Laura F. Grogan, Andrea D. Phillott, Benjamin C. Scheele, Lee Berger et al.
Pathogens can be critical drivers of the abundance and distribution of wild animal populations. The presence of an overdispersed pathogen load distribution between hosts (where few hosts harbour heavy parasite burdens and light infections are common) can have an important stabilizing effect on host-...
Benjamin A. Cash, Xavier Rodó, James L. Kinter, Mohammad Yunus
Abstract Recent studies arising from both statistical analysis and dynamical disease models indicate that there is a link between the incidence of cholera, a paradigmatic waterborne bacterial illness endemic to Bangladesh, and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Cholera incidence typically incr...
Benjamin A. Cash, Xavier Rodó, James L. Kinter
Abstract Recent studies arising from both statistical analysis and dynamical disease models indicate that there is a link between incidence of cholera, a paradigmatic waterborne bacterial disease (WBD) endemic to Bangladesh, and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). However, a physical mechanism ...
Pamela P. Martinez, Robert C. Reiner, Benjamin A. Cash, Xavier Rodó et al.
A substantial body of work supports a teleconnection between the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and cholera incidence in Bangladesh. In particular, high positive anomalies during the winter (Dec-Feb) in sea surface temperatures (SST) in the tropical Pacific have been shown to exacerbate the sea...
Susan F. Murray, Benjamin M. Hunter, Ramila Bisht, Tim Ensor et al.
Background In many countries financing for health services has traditionally been disbursed directly from governmental and non-governmental funding agencies to providers of services: the ‘supply-side’ of healthcare markets. Demand-side financing offers a supplementary model in which some funds are i...
Benjamin A. Cash, James L. Kinter, Jennifer Adams, Eric Altshuler et al.
Abstract Regional variations in seasonal mean Indian summer monsoon rainfall and circulation for the period 1979–2009 are investigated using multiple data products. The focus is on four separate regions: the Western Ghats (WG), the Ganges basin (GB), the Bay of Bengal (BB), and Bangladesh–northeaste...
Benjamin A. Cash, Xavier Rodó, James L. Kinter
Abstract Recent studies arising from both statistical analysis and dynamical disease models demonstrate a link between the incidence of cholera, a paradigmatic waterborne bacterial illness endemic to Bangladesh, and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The physical significance of this relations...
Benjamin A. Cash, Xavier Rodó, James L. Kinter, Michael J. Fennessy et al.
Abstract The differences in boreal summer (June–August) monthly-mean rainfall estimates over the Indian Ocean region in five research-quality products are examined for the period 1979–2003. Two products derived from the merged satellite and surface observations are considered: the Climate Prediction...
Benjamin A. Cash, James L. Kinter, Xavier Rodó
Recent studies arising from both statistical analysis and dynamical disease models indicate that there is a link between incidence of cholera, a paradigmatic waterborne bacterial disease (WBD) endemic to Bangladesh, and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). However, a physical mechanism explainin...
Benedikt Lennartz
ABSTRACTScholars of global governance have long attended to the role of non-state actors in formulating and interpreting regulatory instruments, analysing these actors’ engagement with processes, their influence, and their preferences in terms of the content and, to a limited degree, form of regulat...
Mohammad Yunus, Michael Emch, Benjamin A. Cash, Xavier Rodó et al.
BackgroundComparative studies of the associations between different infectious diseases and climate variability, such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, are lacking. Diarrheal illnesses, particularly cholera and shigellosis, provide an important opportunity to apply a comparative approach. Cholera...
Mercedes Pascual, Benjamin A. Cash, Robert C. Reiner, Aaron A. King et al.