Richard J. Whittington, Karsten Donat, M.F. Weber, D.F. Kelton et al.
Paratuberculosis, a chronic disease affecting ruminant livestock, is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). It has direct and indirect economic costs, impacts animal welfare and arouses public health concerns. In a survey of 48 countries we found paratuberculosis to be very com...
Christine Marie George, Lauren Oldja, Shwapon Biswas, Jamie Perin et al.
There is a growing body of literature indicating an association between stunting and environmental enteropathy (EE), a disorder thought to be caused by repeated exposures to enteric pathogens. To investigate the relationship between exposure to enteric pathogens through geophagy, consumption of soil...
Christine Marie George, Laura C. Sima, Martha Helena Jahuira Arias, Jana Mihalic et al.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the extent of arsenic contamination of groundwater and surface water in Peru and, to evaluate the accuracy of the Arsenic Econo-Quick(™) (EQ) kit for measuring water arsenic concentrations in the field. METHODS: Water samples were collected from 151 water sources in 12 districts...
Christine Marie George, Shirajum Monira, David A. Sack, Mahamud‐ur Rashid et al.
The risk for cholera infection is >100 times higher for household contacts of cholera patients during the week after the index patient seeks hospital care than it is for the general population. To initiate a standard of care for this high-risk population, we developed Cholera-Hospital-Based-Interven...
Christine Marie George, Lauren Oldja, Shwapon Biswas, Jamie Perin et al.
Undernutrition is estimated to be an underlying cause of over half of all deaths in young children globally. There is a growing body of literature suggesting that increased exposure to enteric pathogens is responsible for environmental enteropathy (EE), a disorder associated with impaired growth in ...
Christine Marie George, Vanessa Burrowes, Jamie Perin, Lauren Oldja et al.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between faecal contamination in child play spaces, enteric infections, environmental enteropathy (EE) and impaired growth among young children. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted of 203 children 6-30 months of age in rural Bangladesh. Stool s...
Christine Marie George, Yan Zheng, Joseph H. Graziano, Shahriar Bin Rasul et al.
Exposure to arsenic in groundwater via drinking remains unabated for millions of villagers in Bangladesh. Since a blanket testing campaign using test kits almost a decade ago, millions of new wells have been installed but not tested; thus affordable testing is needed. The performance of the Arsenic ...
Christine Marie George, Shwapon Biswas, Danielle Jung, Jamie Perin et al.
Inadequate hand hygiene is estimated to result in nearly 300,000 deaths annually, with the majority of deaths being among children younger than 5 years. In an effort to promote handwashing with soap and water treatment behaviors among highly susceptible household members of cholera patients, we rece...
Christine Marie George, Lauren Oldja, Shwapon Biswas, Jamie Perin et al.
Objective To investigate the relationship between unsafe child feces disposal, environmental enteropathy, and impaired growth, we conducted a prospective cohort study of 216 young children in rural Bangladesh. Study design Using a prospective cohort study design in rural Bangladesh, unsafe child fec...
Fatema-Tuz Johura, Jarin Tasnim, Indrajeet Barman, Sahitya Ranjan Biswas et al.
Abstract Background One of the most significant public health concerns in today’s world is the persistent upsurge of infections caused by multidrug resistant bacteria. As a result, clinicians are being forced to intervene with either less effective backup drugs or ones with substantial side-effects....
Tomohiko Morita, Jamie Perin, Lauren Oldja, Shwapon Biswas et al.
OBJECTIVE: To characterise childhood mouthing behaviours and to investigate the association between object-to-mouth and food-to-mouth contacts, diarrhoea prevalence and environmental enteropathy. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted of 216 children ≤30 months of age in rural Bangladesh....
Fatema-Tuz Johura, Rozina Parveen, Atiqul Islam, Abdus Sadique et al.
Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) are important causes of diarrhea in humans and animals worldwide. Although ruminant animals are the main source of STEC, diarrhea due to this pathotype is very low in Bangladesh where ETEC remains the predominant group ...
Christine Marie George, W. Abdullah Brooks, Joseph H. Graziano, Bareng A. S. Nonyane et al.
BACKGROUND: Pneumonia is the leading cause of death for children under 5 years of age globally, making research on modifiable risk factors for childhood pneumonia important for reducing this disease burden. Millions of children globally are exposed to elevated levels of arsenic in drinking water. Ho...
Christine Marie George, Mahamud‐ur Rashid, David A. Sack, R. Bradley Sack et al.
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the specificity of the Crystal VC dipstick test for detecting cholera. METHODS: We compared direct testing using the Crystal VC dipstick test and testing after enrichment for 6 h in alkaline peptone water (APW) to bacterial culture as the gold standard. Samples positive by di...
Christine Marie George, Mary V. Gamble, Vesna Slavkovich, Diane Levy et al.
BACKGROUND: Arsenic can naturally occur in the groundwater without an anthropogenic source of contamination. In Bangladesh over 50 million people are exposed to naturally occurring arsenic concentrations exceeding the World Health Organization's guideline of 10 μg/L. Selenium and arsenic have been s...