Anita Zaidi, Abdullah H Baqui, Shamim Qazi, Rajiv Bahl et al.
BACKGROUND: Newborns and young infants suffer high rates of infections in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Timely access to appropriate antibiotic therapy is essential for reducing mortality. In an effort to develop community case management guidelines for young infants, 0-59 days old, with clinic...
Katherine E. Eddy, Joshua P. Vogel, Nick Scott, Dagnachew Fetene et al.
BACKGROUND: After considerable debate, there is now unequivocal evidence that use of antenatal corticosteroids improves outcomes in preterm neonates when used in women at risk of early preterm birth in reasonably equipped hospitals in low-resource countries. We aimed to evaluate the cost-effectivene...
Olufemi T. Oladapo, Joshua P. Vogel, Gilda Piaggio, My Huong Nguyen et al.
Background: The WHO ACTION-I trial demonstrated that dexamethasone significantly reduced neonatal mortality when administered to women at risk of early preterm birth in low-resource countries. We conducted a secondary analysis to determine how these benefits can be optimised, by evaluating the effec...
Stephen Wall, Corinne I. Mazzeo, Ebunoluwa A. Adejuyigbe, Adejumoke Idowu Ayede et al.
BACKGROUND: Three randomized open-label clinical trials [Simplified Antibiotic Therapy Trial (SATT) Bangladesh, SATT Pakistan and African Neonatal Sepsis Trial (AFRINEST)] were developed to test the equivalence of simplified antibiotic regimens compared with the standard regimen of 7 days of parente...
Fabian Esamai, Antoinette Tshefu, Adejumoke Idowu Ayede, Ebunoluwa A. Adejuyigbe et al.
BACKGROUND: The current World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation for treatment of severe infection in young infants is hospitalization and parenteral antibiotic therapy. Hospital care is generally not available outside large cities in low- and middle-income countries and even when available is...
WHO ACTION Trials Collaborators, Temitope Adesiji Adegboyega, Ebunoluwa A. Adejuyigbe, Olubukola Adesina et al.
BACKGROUND: Preterm birth complications are the leading cause of newborn and under-5 mortality. Over 85% of all preterm births occur in the late preterm period, i.e. between 34 and < 37 weeks of gestation. Antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) prevent mortality and respiratory morbidity when administered ...
Adrien Lokangaka Longombe, Adejumoke Idowu Ayede, Irene Marete, Fatima Mir et al.
Background: Hospital referral and admission in many- low and middle-income countries are not feasible for many young infants with sepsis/possible serious bacterial infection (PSBI). The effectiveness of simplified antibiotic regimens when referral to a hospital was not feasible has been shown before...
WHO BRANCH study group, S Ahmed, Abdullah H Baqui, Md. Monzur Rahman Bhuiyan et al.
BACKGROUND: Treatment of growth faltering in early infancy may improve short and long term child health outcomes. The overall aim of this trial is to determine, in infants who meet study criteria for growth faltering, the effect of intensive breastfeeding counselling and support (IBFCS) plus nutriti...
Temitope Adesiji Adegboyega, Ebunoluwa A. Adejuyigbe, Olubukola Adesina, Babalola Adeyemi et al.
Background: Preterm birth complications are the leading cause of newborn and under-5 mortality. Over 85% of all preterm births occur in the late preterm period i.e., between 34 and Methods: WHO ACTION III trial is a parallel-group, three-arm, individually randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled...
Antoinette Tshef, Adrien Lokangaka, Cyril Engmann, Fabian Esamai et al.
Background: In resource-limited settings, most young infants with signs of severe infection do not receive the recommended inpatient treatment with intravenous broad spectrum antibiotics for 10 days or more because such treatment is not accessible, acceptable or affordable to families. This trial wa...
Gary L. Darmstadt, Vaishnavi Bhamidi, Khusbu Adhikari, Ivana Marić et al.
INTRODUCTION: The WHO's Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) in young infants <2 months of age includes the identification and management of signs of possible serious bacterial infection (PSBI). However, equal importance is given to all the PSBI signs, which signal the need for referral...