Salim Yusuf, Philip Joseph, Sumathy Rangarajan, Shofiqul Islam et al.
Background: Global estimates of the impact of common modifiable risk factors on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality are largely based on data from separate studies, using different methodologies. The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study overcomes these limitations by using simila...
Salim Yusuf, Shofiqul Islam, Clara K Chow, Sumathy Rangarajan et al.
Background Although most cardiovascular disease occurs in low-income and middle-income countries, little is known about the use of effective secondary prevention medications in these communities. We aimed to assess use of proven effective secondary preventive drugs (antiplatelet drugs, β blockers, a...
Victoria Miller, Andrew Mente, Mahshid Dehghan, Sumathy Rangarajan et al.
BACKGROUND The association between intake of fruits, vegetables, and legumes with cardiovascular disease and deaths has been investigated extensively in Europe, the USA, Japan, and China, but little or no data are available from the Middle East, South America, Africa, or south Asia. METHODS We did a...
Darryl P. Leong, Koon Teo, Sumathy Rangarajan, V. Raman Kutty et al.
Abstract Background The measurement of handgrip strength (HGS) has prognostic value with respect to all‐cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and cardiovascular disease, and is an important part of the evaluation of frailty. Published reference ranges for HGS are mostly derived from Caucasian po...
Andrew Mente, Mahshid Dehghan, Sumathy Rangarajan, Matthew McQueen et al.
Background The relation between dietary nutrients and cardiovascular disease risk markers in many regions worldwide is unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of dietary nutrients on blood lipids and blood pressure, two of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease, in low...
Selina Rajan, Martin McKee, Sumathy Rangarajan, Shrikant I. Bangdiwala et al.
Importance: Depression is associated with incidence of and premature death from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer in high-income countries, but it is not known whether this is true in low- and middle-income countries and in urban areas, where most people with depression now live. Objective: To...
Adrianna Murphy, Benjamin Palafox, Marjan Walli-Attaei, Timothy Powell‐Jackson et al.
Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death globally. In 2014, the United Nations committed to reducing premature mortality from NCDs, including by reducing the burden of healthcare costs. Since 2014, the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study has been ...
Marjan Walli-Attaei, Rasha Khatib, Martin McKee, Scott A. Lear et al.
BACKGROUND: Hypertension is considered the most important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, but its control is poor worldwide. We aimed to assess the availability and affordability of blood pressure-lowering medicines, and the association with use of these medicines and blood pressure control...
Gilles R. Dagenais, Hertzel C. Gerstein, Xiaohe Zhang, Matthew McQueen et al.
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to assess whether diabetes prevalence varies by countries at different economic levels and whether this can be explained by known risk factors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The prevalence of diabetes, defined as self-reported or fasting glycemia ≥7 mmol/L, was d...
Philip Joseph, V. Raman Kutty, Viswanathan Mohan, Rajesh Kumar et al.
AIM: To examine the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), of death, and the comparative effects of 12 common modifiable risk factors for both outcomes in South Asia. METHODS AND RESULTS: Prospective study of 33 583 individuals 35-70 years of age from India, Bangladesh, or Pakistan. Mean follow-...
Rajeev Gupta, Manmeet Kaur, Shofiqul Islam, Viswanathan Mohan et al.
OBJECTIVE: Hypertension control rates are low in South Asia. To determine association of measures of socioeconomic status (wealth, education, and social capital) with hypertension awareness, treatment, and control among urban and rural subjects in these countries we performed the present study. METH...
Scott A. Lear, Koon Teo, Danijela Gašević, Xiaohe Zhang et al.
BACKGROUND: Household devices (e.g., television, car, computer) are common in high income countries, and their use has been linked to obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. We hypothesized that device ownership is associated with obesity and diabetes and that these effects are explained through reduc...
Rajeev Gupta, Shofiqul Islam, Prem Mony, V. Raman Kutty et al.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the association of socioeconomic factors on use of cardioprotective medicines in known coronary heart disease (CHD) or stroke in South Asia. METHODS: We enrolled 33,423 subjects aged 35-70 years (women 56%, rural 53%, low education 51%, low house...
Imrana Qadeer, Kasturi Sen, Kesavan Rajasekharan Nayar
Introduction PART ONE: THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT Landmarks in the Development of Health Services in India - Debabar Banerji Structural Adjustment and the Poor in Pakistan - Jennifer Bennett Donor-Driven Family Planning Services in Bangladesh - Farida Akhter Impact on Women's He...
Annika Rosengren, Koon Teo, Sumathy Rangarajan, Conrad Kabali et al.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Psychosocial stress has been proposed to contribute to obesity, particularly abdominal, or central obesity, through chronic activation of the neuroendocrine systems. However, these putative relationships are complex and dependent on country and cultural context. We investigate...