Vincenza Snow, Christel Mottur-Pilson, Ralph Gonzales
Position Papers20 March 2001Principles of Appropriate Antibiotic Use for Treatment of Nonspecific Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in AdultsVincenza Snow, MD, Christel Mottur-Pilson, PhD, and Ralph Gonzales, MD, MSPH, for the American College of Physicians–American Society of Internal Medicine*Vin...
Catherine Machalaba, Sarah Elwood, Simona Forcella, Kristine M. Smith et al.
Wild birds play a major role in the evolution, maintenance, and spread of avian influenza viruses. However, surveillance for these viruses in wild birds is sporadic, geographically biased, and often limited to the last outbreak virus. To identify opportunities to optimize wild bird surveillance for ...
Madhav Joshi, SungYong Lee, Roger Mac Ginty
AbstractThis article assesses the extent to which the liberal peace (the dominant form of internationally supported peacemaking) actually deserves the sobriquet 'liberal peace'. In recent years, an intense debate emerged on this question as critics of the critique of the liberal peace have sought to...
Nadia Akseer, Emily C Keats, Pravheen Thurairajah, Simon Cousens et al.
BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a critical period of maturation when nutrient needs are high, especially among adolescents entering pregnancy. Using individual-level data from 140,000 participants, we examined socioeconomic, nutrition, and pregnancy and birth outcomes for adolescent mothers (10-19 years)...
Joshua C D'Aeth, Mark PG van der Linden, Lesley McGee, Hermı́nia de Lencastre et al.
Multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae emerge through the modification of core genome loci by interspecies homologous recombinations, and acquisition of gene cassettes. Both occurred in the otherwise contrasting histories of the antibiotic-resistant S. pneumoniae lineages PMEN3 and PMEN9. A si...
Sophie Belman, Noémie Lefrancq, Susan Nzenze, Sarah Downs et al.
. The extent and mechanisms of spread and vaccine-driven changes in fitness and antimicrobial resistance remain largely unquantified. Here using geolocated genome sequences from South Africa (n = 6,910, collected from 2000 to 2014), we developed models to reconstruct spread, pairing detailed human m...
Elizabeth Hazel, Daniel J. Erchick, Joanne Katz, Anne CC Lee et al.
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to understand the mortality risks of vulnerable newborns (defined as preterm and/or born weighing smaller or larger compared to a standard population), in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). DESIGN: Descriptive multi-country, secondary analysis of individual-level study dat...
Stephanie W. Lo, Rebecca A. Gladstone, Andries J. van Tonder, Mignon du Plessis et al.
OBJECTIVES: We reported tet(S/M) in Streptococcus pneumoniae and investigated its temporal spread in relation to nationwide clinical interventions. METHODS: We whole-genome sequenced 12 254 pneumococcal isolates from 29 countries on an Illumina HiSeq sequencer. Serotype, multilocus ST and antibiotic...
Kristopher K. Robison
Abstract Some scholars argue that terrorism has few adverse consequences for political and civil liberties in democracies and that fears about a reversal of freedoms due to counterterror programs are unjustified. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that democracies respond to terrorism in ways that...
Edna B. Foa, Keith Bredemeier, Ron Acierno, David Rosenfield et al.
OBJECTIVE: Prolonged exposure (PE) therapy is a first-line posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment, but the manualized 90-min session format constitutes a barrier to adopting PE in most settings because they use 60-min sessions for scheduling and billing. We examined whether 60-min PE session...
Emily Smith, Filomena Gomes, Seth Adu‐Afarwuah, Víctor M. Aguayo et al.
Multiple micronutrient supplements (MMS) in pregnancy reduces risk of infant low birthweight (LBW) and improves other maternal and infant outcomes compared with iron and folic acid (IFA) supplements alone. However, the impact of timing of initiation and adherence on the MMS effectiveness in real-wor...
Ole Fröbert, Matthias Götberg, David Erlinge, Zubair Akhtar et al.
BACKGROUND Influenza vaccination early after myocardial infarction (MI) improves prognosis but vaccine effectiveness may differ dependent on type of MI. METHODS A total of 2571 participants were prospectively enrolled in the IAMI trial and randomly assigned to receive in-hospital inactivated influen...
Elizabeth Hazel, Daniel J. Erchick, Joanne Katz, Anne CC Lee et al.
Abstract Objective To describe the mortality risks by fine strata of gestational age and birthweight among 230 679 live births in nine low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) from 2000 to 2017. Design Descriptive multi‐country secondary data analysis. Setting Nine LMICs in sub‐Saharan Africa, South...
Andrew Johnston, Jeroen Veldman, Robert G. Eccles, Simon Deakin et al.
The current model of corporate governance needs reform. There is mounting evidence that the practices of shareholder primacy drive company directors and executives to adopt the same short time horizon as financial markets. Pressure to meet the demands of the financial markets drives stock buybacks, ...
Farhan Rasheed, Muhammad Saeed, Nabil-Fareed Alikhan, David Baker et al.
Abstract Background Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Salmonella Typhi has been reported in Sindh province of Pakistan since 2016. The potential for further spread is of serious concern as remaining treatment options are severely limited. We report the phenotypic and genotypic characterisation of 27 ...