Jeffrey R. Donowitz, Masud Alam, Mamun Kabir, Z. Jennie et al.
BACKGROUND: Growth stunting in children under 2 years of age in low-income countries is common. Giardia is a ubiquitous pathogen in this age group but studies investigating Giardia's effect on both growth and diarrhea have produced conflicting results. METHODS: We conducted a prospective longitudina...
Mami Taniuchi, James A Platts-Mills, Sharmin Begum, Md. Jashim Uddin et al.
BACKGROUND: Oral polio vaccine (OPV) and rotavirus vaccine (RV) exhibit poorer performance in low-income settings compared to high-income settings. Prior studies have suggested an inhibitory effect of concurrent non-polio enterovirus (NPEV) infection, but the impact of other enteric infections has n...
Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade, Fariha Shaheen, Furqan Kabir, Arjumand Rizvi et al.
Culture-independent diagnostics have revealed a larger burden of Shigella among children in low-resource settings than previously recognized. We further characterized the epidemiology of Shigella in the first two years of life in a multisite birth cohort. We tested 41,405 diarrheal and monthly non-d...
James A Platts-Mills, Mami Taniuchi, Md. Jashim Uddin, Shihab U. Sobuz et al.
Background: Early exposure to enteropathogens has been associated with malnutrition in children in low-resource settings. However, the contribution of individual enteropathogens remains poorly defined. Molecular diagnostics offer an increase in sensitivity for detecting enteropathogens but have not ...
Maribel Paredes Olórtegui, Saba Rouhani, Pablo Peñataro Yori, Mery Siguas Salas et al.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Astroviruses are important drivers of viral gastroenteritis but remain understudied in community settings and low- and middle-income countries. We present data from 8 countries with high prevalence of diarrhea and undernutrition to describe astrovirus epidemiology and asse...
Rebecca J. Scharf, Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade, Laura E. Murray‐Kolb, Angelina Maphula et al.
Abstract Although many studies around the world hope to measure or improve developmental progress in children to promote community flourishing and productivity, growth is sometimes used as a surrogate because cognitive skills are more difficult to measure. Our objective was to assess how childhood m...
Amanda E. Schnee, Rashidul Haque, Mami Taniuchi, Md. Jashim Uddin et al.
Childhood diarrhea in low-resource settings has been variably linked to linear growth shortfalls. However, the association between etiology-specific diarrhea and growth has not been comprehensively evaluated. We tested diarrheal stools collected from the Performance of Rotavirus and Oral Polio Vacci...
Josh M. Colston, Benjamin F. Zaitchik, Hamada S. Badr, Eleanor Burnett et al.
Abstract Diarrheal disease, still a major cause of childhood illness, is caused by numerous, diverse infectious microorganisms, which are differentially sensitive to environmental conditions. Enteropathogen‐specific impacts of climate remain underexplored. Results from 15 studies that diagnosed ente...
Alexander Upfill‐Brown, Mami Taniuchi, James A Platts-Mills, Beth D. Kirkpatrick et al.
BACKGROUND: As the global polio eradication initiative prepares to cease use of oral polio vaccine (OPV) in 2020, there is increasing interest in understanding if oral vaccination provides non-specific immunity to other infections so that the consequences of this transition can be effectively planne...
Christel Hoest, Jessica C. Seidman, Gwenyth Lee, James A Platts-Mills et al.
BACKGROUND: Launched in 1974, the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) is estimated to prevent two-three million deaths annually from polio, diphtheria, tuberculosis, pertussis, measles, and tetanus. Additional lives could be saved through better understanding what influences adherence to the EPI ...
Jessica A. Grembi, Audrie Lin, Md Abdul Karim, Md Ohedul Islam et al.
BACKGROUND: We evaluated the impact of low-cost water, sanitation, handwashing (WSH) and child nutrition interventions on enteropathogen carriage in the WASH Benefits cluster-randomized controlled trial in rural Bangladesh. METHODS: We analyzed 1411 routine fecal samples from children 14±2 months ol...
Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade, James A Platts-Mills, E. Ross Colgate, Rashidul Haque et al.
Background: The low efficacy of rotavirus vaccines in clinical trials performed in low-resource settings may be partially explained by acquired immunity from natural exposure, especially in settings with high disease incidence. Methods: In a clinical trial of monovalent rotavirus vaccine in Banglade...
Timothy L. McMurry, Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade, Jie Liu, Gagandeep Kang et al.
BACKGROUND: Prolonged enteropathogen shedding after diarrhea complicates the identification of etiology in subsequent episodes and is an important driver of pathogen transmission. A standardized approach has not been applied to estimate the duration of shedding for a wide range of pathogens. METHODS...
Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade, Jie Liu, Gagandeep Kang, Margaret Kosek et al.
BACKGROUND: The degree of protection conferred by natural immunity is unknown for many enteropathogens, but it is important to support the development of enteric vaccines. METHODS: We used the Andersen-Gill extension of the Cox model to estimate the effects of previous infections on the incidence of...
Md. Ahshanul Haque, James A Platts-Mills, Estomih Mduma, Ladaporn Bodhidatta et al.
Campylobacter species infections have been associated with malnutrition and intestinal inflammation among children in low-resource settings. However, it remains unclear whether that association is specific to Campylobacter jejuni/coli. The aim of this study was to assess the association between both...