Adrian Grant, D. G. Altman, Abdel Babiker, Marion Campbell et al.
OBJECTIVES: To address issues about data monitoring committees (DMCs) for randomised controlled trials (RCTs). DATA SOURCES: Electronic databases. Handsearching of selected books. Personal contacts with experts in the field. REVIEW METHODS: Systematic literature reviews of DMCs and small group proce...
Marjorie A. Koblinsky, Oona M. R. Campbell, J. Heichelheim
The various means of delivering essential obstetric services are described for settings in which the maternal mortality ratio is relatively low. This review yields four basic models of care, which are best described by organizational characteristics relating to where women give birth and who perform...
Brian Godman, Abiodun Egwuenu, Mainul Haque, Oliver Ombeva Malande et al.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a high priority across countries as it increases morbidity, mortality and costs. Concerns with AMR have resulted in multiple initiatives internationally, nationally and regionally to enhance appropriate antibiotic utilization across sectors to reduce AMR, with the o...
Tran Thuy Chau, James Campbell, Claudia M. Galindo, Nguyễn Văn Minh Hoàng et al.
ABSTRACT This study describes the pattern and extent of drug resistance in 1,774 strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolated across Asia between 1993 and 2005 and characterizes the molecular mechanisms underlying the reduced susceptibilities to fluoroquinolones of these strains. For 1,393 ...
Jack Stone, Hannah Fraser, Aaron G. Lim, Josephine G. Walker et al.
BACKGROUND: People who inject drugs (PWID) experience a high prevalence of incarceration and might be at high risk of HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection during or after incarceration. We aimed to assess whether incarceration history elevates HIV or HCV acquisition risk among PWID. METHODS: st...
Xin Wang, You Li, Maria Deloria Knoll, Shabir A. Madhi et al.
BACKGROUND: Human metapneumovirus is a common virus associated with acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) in children. No global burden estimates are available for ALRIs associated with human metapneumovirus in children, and no licensed vaccines or drugs exist for human metapneumovirus infectio...
Elizabeth Fitchett, Anna C. Seale, Stefania Vergnano, Michael Sharland et al.
Neonatal infections are estimated to account for a quarter of the 2·8 million annual neonatal deaths, as well as approximately 3% of all disability-adjusted life-years. Despite this burden, few data are available on incidence, aetiology, and outcomes, particularly regarding impairment. We aimed to d...
Heather McMillen, Tamara Ticktin, Alan M. Friedlander, Stacy D. Jupiter et al.
McMillen, H. L., T. Ticktin, A. Friedlander, S. D. Jupiter, R. Thaman, J. Campbell, J. Veitayaki, T. Giambelluca, S. Nihmei, E. Rupeni, L. Apis-Overhoff, W. Aalbersberg, and D. F. Orcherton. 2014. Small islands, valuable insights: systems of customary resource use and resilience to climate change in...
Md Saiful Islam, Hossain M. S. Sazzad, Syed Moinuddin Satter, Sharmin Sultana et al.
Nipah virus (NiV) is a paramyxovirus, and Pteropus spp. bats are the natural reservoir. From December 2010 through March 2014, hospital-based encephalitis surveillance in Bangladesh identified 18 clusters of NiV infection. The source of infection for case-patients in 3 clusters in 2 districts was un...
Igor Rudan, Shams El Arifeen, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Robert E. Black et al.
Igor Rudan and colleagues report the results of their consensus building exercise that identified health research priorities to help reduce child mortality from pneumonia.
Marina Romanello, Maria Walawender, Shih-Che Hsu, Annalyse Moskeland et al.
Sumaiya Iqbal, Eduardo Pérez‐Palma, Jakob Berg Jespersen, Patrick May et al.
Interpretation of the colossal number of genetic variants identified from sequencing applications is one of the major bottlenecks in clinical genetics, with the inference of the effect of amino acid-substituting missense variations on protein structure and function being especially challenging. Here...
Igor Rudan, Shams El Arifeen, Robert E. Black, Harry Campbell
Childhood pneumonia and diarrhoeal disease cause almost half of all child deaths globally. Effective interventions against these conditions are available and could prevent about two-thirds of these deaths. We argue that part of the reason for the lack of success in delivering these interventions is ...
Shanshan Zhang, Peter M. Sammon, Isobel King, Ana Lúcia Andrade et al.
BACKGROUND: Childhood pneumonia is a major cause of childhood illness and the second leading cause of child death globally. Understanding the costs associated with the management of childhood pneumonia is essential for resource allocation and priority setting for child health. METHODS: We conducted ...
Michael Koenig, James F. Phillips, Oona M. R. Campbell, Stan D’Souza
This study investigates the relationship between birth intervals and childhood mortality, using longitudinal data from rural Bangladesh known to be of exceptional accuracy and completeness. Results demonstrate significant but very distinctive effects of the previous and subsequent birth intervals on...