Jon E. Rohde, Simon Cousens, Mickey Chopra, Viroj Tangcharoensathien et al.
We assessed progress for primary health care in countries since Alma-Ata. First we analysed life expectancy relative to national income and HIV prevalence to identify overachieving and underachieving countries. Then we focused on the 30 low-income and middle-income countries with the highest average...
Roy Burstein, Nathaniel J Henry, Michael L. Collison, Laurie B. Marczak et al.
Since 2000, many countries have achieved considerable success in improving child survival, but localized progress remains unclear. To inform efforts towards United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3.2-to end preventable child deaths by 2030-we need consistently estimated data at the subnational ...
Stephanie R Psaki, Jessica C. Seidman, Mark Miller, Michael Gottlieb et al.
BACKGROUND: There is no standardized approach to comparing socioeconomic status (SES) across multiple sites in epidemiological studies. This is particularly problematic when cross-country comparisons are of interest. We sought to develop a simple measure of SES that would perform well across diverse...
Margaret Kosek, Tahmeed Ahmed, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Laura E. Caulfield et al.
BACKGROUND: Environmental enteropathy (EE), the adverse impact of frequent and numerous enteric infections on the gut resulting in a state of persistent immune activation and altered permeability, has been proposed as a key determinant of growth failure in children in low- and middle-income populati...
GBD 2017 Child and Adolescent Health Collaborators, Robert C. Reiner, Helen Elizabeth Olsen, Chad Ikeda et al.
Importance: Understanding causes and correlates of health loss among children and adolescents can identify areas of success, stagnation, and emerging threats and thereby facilitate effective improvement strategies. Objective: To estimate mortality and morbidity in children and adolescents from 1990 ...
Emily R. Smith, Anuraj H. Shankar, Lee Wu, Said Aboud et al.
BACKGROUND: Micronutrient deficiencies are common among women in low-income and middle-income countries. Data from randomised trials suggest that maternal multiple micronutrient supplementation decreases the risk of low birthweight and potentially improves other infant health outcomes. However, hete...
Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade, James A Platts-Mills, Jessica C. Seidman, Sushil John et al.
Antibiotics can be a lifesaving treatment for children with bacterial infections and are the most commonly prescribed therapy among all medications given to children. Furthermore, both at the individual and population levels, antibiotic overuse drives the development and transmission of antimicrobia...
Tran Thuy Chau, James Campbell, Claudia M. Galindo, Nguyễn Văn Minh Hoàng et al.
ABSTRACT This study describes the pattern and extent of drug resistance in 1,774 strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolated across Asia between 1993 and 2005 and characterizes the molecular mechanisms underlying the reduced susceptibilities to fluoroquinolones of these strains. For 1,393 ...
Richard C. Franklin, Amy E. Peden, Erin B Hamilton, Catherine Bisignano et al.
BACKGROUND: Drowning is a leading cause of injury-related mortality globally. Unintentional drowning (International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 10 codes W65-74 and ICD9 E910) is one of the 30 mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive causes of injury-related mortality in the Global Burden ...
Samir K. Saha, Stephanie J. Schrag, Shams El Arifeen, Luke C. Mullany et al.
BACKGROUND: More than 500 000 neonatal deaths per year result from possible serious bacterial infections (pSBIs), but the causes are largely unknown. We investigated the incidence of community-acquired infections caused by specific organisms among neonates in south Asia. METHODS: From 2011 to 2014, ...
Lindsey Lenters, Kerri Wazny, Patrick Webb, Tahmeed Ahmed et al.
BACKGROUND: Globally, moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) and severe acute malnutrition (SAM) affect approximately 52 million children under five. This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of interventions for SAM including the World Health Organization (WHO) protocol for inpatient management...
Elizabeth Fitchett, Anna C. Seale, Stefania Vergnano, Michael Sharland et al.
Neonatal infections are estimated to account for a quarter of the 2·8 million annual neonatal deaths, as well as approximately 3% of all disability-adjusted life-years. Despite this burden, few data are available on incidence, etiology, nd outcomes, prticulrly regrding impirment. We imed to d...
Aamer Imdad, Luke C. Mullany, Abdullah H Baqui, Shams El Arifeen et al.
BACKGROUND: There is an increased risk of serious neonatal infection arising through exposure of the umbilical cord to invasive pathogen in home and facility births where hygienic practices are difficult to achieve. The World Health Organization currently recommends 'dry cord care' because of insuff...
Joy E Lawn, Simon Cousens, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Gary L. Darmstadt et al.
Caroline Amour, Jean Gratz, Estomih Mduma, Erling Svensen et al.
BACKGROUND: Enteropathogen infections have been associated with enteric dysfunction and impaired growth in children in low-resource settings. In a multisite birth cohort study (MAL-ED), we describe the epidemiology and impact of Campylobacter infection in the first 2 years of life. METHODS: Children...