Joseph A. Lewnard, Esmita Charani, Alec Gleason, Li Yang Hsu et al.
National action plans enumerate many interventions as potential strategies to reduce the burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, knowledge of the benefits achievable by specific approaches is needed to inform policy making, especially in low-income and middle-income countries (L...
Megan E. Carey, Zoe A. Dyson, Danielle J. Ingle, Afreenish Amir et al.
Background: serovar Typhi (Typhi) genomic data to inform public health action. This analysis, which marks 22 years since the publication of the first Typhi genome, represents the largest Typhi genome sequence collection to date (n=13,000). Methods: This is a meta-analysis of global genotype and anti...
Jacques Izopet, Alain Labrique, Buddha Basnyat, Harry R. Dalton et al.
Background Hepatitis E causes a significant burden of disease in developing countries and has recently been increasingly recognized in developed countries. Comparing population anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) seroprevalence across populations has been difficult. Objectives The aim of this study was to ...
Christopher M. Parry, Nga Tran Vu Thieu, Christiane Dolecek, Abhilasha Karkey et al.
Azithromycin is an effective treatment for uncomplicated infections with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and serovar Paratyphi A (enteric fever), but there are no clinically validated MIC and disk zone size interpretative guidelines. We studied individual patient data from three randomized control...
Pham Thanh Duy, Sabina Dongol, Abhishek Giri, Nguyen Thi Nguyen To et al.
Abstract Background Typhoid fever remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Asia and Africa. The emergence of azithromycin resistance in South Asia is concerning, as azithromycin is one of the last effective oral drugs for treating typhoid. Objectives To describe the molecular mechan...
Christopher M. Parry, Chau Tran Thuy, Sabina Dongol, Abhilasha Karkey et al.
Infections with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolates that have reduced susceptibility to ofloxacin (MIC ≥ 0.25 μg/ml) or ciprofloxacin (MIC ≥ 0.125 μg/ml) have been associated with a delayed response or clinical failure following treatment with these antimicrobials. These isolates are not dete...
Zoe A. Dyson, Philip Ashton, Farhana Khanam, Angeziwa Chunga Chirambo et al.
BACKGROUND: Enteric fever is a serious public health concern. The causative agents, Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A, frequently have antimicrobial resistance (AMR), leading to limited treatment options and poorer clinical outcomes. We investigated the genomic epidemiology, resista...
Elli Mylona, Phat Voong Vinh, Sonia Qureshi, Abhilasha Karkey et al.
BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial therapy is essential for the treatment of enteric fever, the infection caused by Salmonella serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A. However, an increase in resistance to key antimicrobials and the emergence of MDR and XDR in Salmonella Typhi poses a major threat for efficacious out...
Muhamad Fachrul, Abhilasha Karkey, Mila Shakya, Louise M. Judd et al.
RNAseq data can be used to infer genetic variants, yet its use for estimating genetic population structure remains underexplored. Here, we construct a freely available computational tool (RGStraP) to estimate RNAseq-based genetic principal components (RG-PCs) and assess whether RG-PCs can be used to...
Abhishek Giri, Abhilasha Karkey, Sabina Dongol, Amit Arjyal et al.
<ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Background:</ns3:bold> Typhoid and paratyphoid fever (enteric fever) is a common cause of non-specific febrile infection in adults and children presenting to health care facilities in low resource settings such as the South Asia. A 7-day course of a single oral antimicrobial such a...
Yin Mo, Ying Ding, Yang Cao, Jill Hopkins et al.
<ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Background</ns3:bold> : <ns3:bold/> Antimicrobial resistance surveillance is essential for empiric antibiotic prescribing, infection prevention and control policies and to drive novel antibiotic discovery. However, most existing surveillance systems are isolate-based without suppor...
Duy, Pham Thanh, Dongol, Sabina, Giri, Abhishek, Nguyen To, Nguyen Thi et al.
BACKGROUND: Typhoid fever remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Asia and Africa. The emergence of azithromycin resistance in South Asia is concerning, as azithromycin is one of the last effective oral drugs for treating typhoid. OBJECTIVES: To describe the molecular mechanism and...
Zoe A. Dyson, Philip Ashton, Farhana Khanam, Angeziwa Chunga et al.
Abstract Background Enteric fever is a serious public health concern. The causative agents, Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A, are frequently antimicrobial resistant (AMR), leading to limited treatment options and poorer clinical outcomes. We investigated the genomic epidemiology, r...
Buddha Basnyat, Abhilasha Karkey
Biblical diseases like typhoid fever continue to plague South Asia, a densely populated region of 1·8 billion people. Typhoid fever, also known as enteric fever, comprises both typhoid fever (caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi [S Typhi]) and paratyphoid fever (caused by Salmonella enterica...
Pham Thanh Duy, Sabina Dongol, Abhishek Giri, To Nguyen Thi Nguyen et al.
Abstract Typhoid fever remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Asia and Africa. The emergence of azithromycin resistance in South Asia is concerning, as azithromycin is one of the last effective oral drugs for treating typhoid. In mid-2019, three azithromycin-resistant (Azith R ) S...
Megan E. Carey, Zoe A. Dyson, Danielle J. Ingle, Afreenish Amir et al.
Abstract The Global Typhoid Genomics Consortium was established to bring together the typhoid research community to aggregate and analyse Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (Typhi) genomic data to inform public health action. This analysis, which marks twenty-one years since the publication of the fi...
Jessie J. Khaki, James Meiring, Deus Thindwa, Marc Henrion et al.
Salmonella Typhi is a human-restricted pathogen that is transmitted by the faecal-oral route and causative organism of typhoid fever. Using health facility data from 2016 to 2020, this study focuses on modelling the spatial variation in typhoid risk in Ndirande township in Blantyre. To pursue this o...
Abhishek Giri, Abhilasha Karkey, Sabina Dongol, Amit Arjyal et al.
<ns4:p> <ns4:bold>Background:</ns4:bold> Typhoid and paratyphoid fever (enteric fever) is a common cause of non-specific febrile infection in adults and children presenting to health care facilities in low resource settings such as the South Asia. A 7-day course of a single oral antimicrobial such a...
Philip Ashton, Leonardos Mageiros, James Meiring, Angeziwa Chunga Chirambo et al.
Abstract Typhoid fever is a systemic infection caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi ( S. Typhi) invasion from the gut lumen. Transmission between people occurs through ingestion of contaminated food and water, particularly in settings with poor water and sanitation infrastructure, resulting i...
Megan E. Carey, Zoe A. Dyson, Danielle J. Ingle, Afreenish Amir et al.
An analysis of the largest Salmonella Typhi genome collection to date (n=13,000) provides an updated overview of global genome diversity and antimicrobial resistance trends over time to inform public health action.