Stephen P. Luby, Mahbubur Rahman, Benjamin F. Arnold, Leanne Unicomb et al.
BACKGROUND: Diarrhoea and growth faltering in early childhood are associated with subsequent adverse outcomes. We aimed to assess whether water quality, sanitation, and handwashing interventions alone or combined with nutrition interventions reduced diarrhoea or growth faltering. METHODS: The WASH B...
Ayşe Ercümen, Abu Mohd Naser, Leanne Unicomb, Benjamin F. Arnold et al.
BACKGROUND: Shallow tubewells are the primary drinking water source for most rural Bangladeshis. Fecal contamination has been detected in tubewells, at low concentrations at the source and at higher levels at the point of use. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to assess whether improving th...
Solveig A. Cunningham, Nida Shaikh, Ariel Nhacolo, Pratima L. Raghunathan et al.
Health and demographic surveillance systems (HDSSs) provide a foundation for characterizing and defining priorities and strategies for improving population health. The Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS) project aims to inform policy to prevent child deaths through generating...
Sarker Masud Parvez, Rashidul Azad, Mahbubur Rahman, Leanne Unicomb et al.
BACKGROUND: Uptake matters for evaluating the health impact of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) interventions. Many large-scale WASH interventions have been plagued by low uptake. For the WASH Benefits Bangladesh efficacy trial, high uptake was a prerequisite. We assessed the degree of technolog...
Christine P. Stewart, Kathryn G. Dewey, Audrie Lin, Amy J. Pickering et al.
Background: Anemia in young children is a global health problem. Risk factors include poor nutrient intake and poor water quality, sanitation, or hygiene. Objective: We evaluated the effects of water quality, sanitation, handwashing, and nutrition interventions on micronutrient status and anemia amo...
Ayşe Ercümen, Abu Mohd Naser, Benjamin F. Arnold, Leanne Unicomb et al.
Accurately assessing the microbiological safety of water sources is essential to reduce waterborne fecal exposures and track progress toward global targets of safe water access. Sanitary inspections are a recommended tool to assess water safety. We collected 1,684 water samples from 902 shallow tube...
K. Ryan Wessells, Charles D. Arnold, Christine P. Stewart, Elizabeth L. Prado et al.
BACKGROUND: Small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNSs) have been shown to reduce the prevalence of child anemia and iron deficiency, but effects on other micronutrients are less well known. Identifying subgroups who benefit most from SQ-LNSs could support improved program design. OBJE...
Audrie Lin, Shahjahan Ali, Benjamin F. Arnold, Md Ziaur Rahman et al.
BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that drinking water, sanitation, handwashing (WSH), and nutritional interventions would improve environmental enteric dysfunction (EED), a potential contributor to stunting. METHODS: Within a subsample of a cluster-randomized, controlled trial in rural Bangladesh, we enro...
Abu Mohd Naser, Mahbubur Rahman, Leanne Unicomb, Solaiman Doza et al.
Background Sodium (Na + ) in saline water may increase blood pressure ( BP ), but potassium (K + ), calcium (Ca 2+ ), and magnesium (Mg 2+ ) may lower BP . We assessed the association between drinking water salinity and population BP . Methods and Results We pooled 6487 BP measurements from 2 cohort...
Md Saiful Islam, Jahangir Hossain, Andrea Mikolon, Shahana Parveen et al.
INTRODUCTION: From August 2009 to October 2010, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh and the Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research together investigated 14 outbreaks of anthrax which included 140 animal and 273 human cases in 14 anthrax-affected villages....
Ayşe Ercümen, Benjamin F. Arnold, Abu Mohd Naser, Leanne Unicomb et al.
OBJECTIVES: Escherichia coli is the standard water quality indicator for diarrhoea risk. Yet, the association between E. coli and diarrhoea is inconsistent across studies without a systematic assessment of methodological differences behind this variation. Most studies measure water quality cross-sec...
Abu Mohd Naser, M. Jahangir Hossain, Hossain M. S. Sazzad, Nusrat Homaira et al.
This paper explores the utility of cluster- and case-based surveillance established in government hospitals in Bangladesh to detect Nipah virus, a stage III zoonotic pathogen. Physicians listed meningo-encephalitis cases in the 10 surveillance hospitals and identified a cluster when ⩾2 cases who liv...
Mahbubur Rahman, Sania Ashraf, Leanne Unicomb, AKM Mainuddin et al.
BACKGROUND: Researchers typically report more on the impact of public health interventions and less on the degree to which interventions were followed implementation fidelity. We developed and measured fidelity indicators for the WASH Benefits Bangladesh study, a large-scale efficacy trial, in order...
Leanne Unicomb, Farzana Begum, Elli Leontsini, Mahbubur Rahman et al.
BACKGROUND: Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) efficacy trials deliver interventions to the target population under optimal conditions to estimate their effects on outcomes of interest, to inform subsequent selection for inclusion in routine programs. A systematic and intensive approach to interv...
Abu Mohd Naser, Leanne Unicomb, Solaiman Doza, Kazi Matin Ahmed et al.
INTRODUCTION: Saltwater intrusion and salinisation have contributed to drinking water scarcity in many coastal regions globally, leading to dependence on alternative sources for water supply. In southwest coastal Bangladesh, communities have few options but to drink brackish groundwater which has be...