Firdausi Qadri, Ann–Mari Svennerholm, Shah M. Faruque, R. Bradley Sack
ETEC is an underrecognized but extremely important cause of diarrhea in the developing world where there is inadequate clean water and poor sanitation. It is the most frequent bacterial cause of diarrhea in children and adults living in these areas and also the most common cause of traveler's diarrh...
JohnD Clemens, Jeffrey R. Harris, M. R. Khan, BradfordA. Kay et al.
The protective efficacy of oral B subunit killed whole-cell (BS-WC) and killed whole-cell (WC) cholera vaccines was assessed in 63 498 Bangladeshi children aged 2-15 years and women aged over 15 years. Each received three doses of BS-WC, WC, or placebo in a randomised, double-blinded fashion. Survei...
Roger I. Glass, Jan Holmgren, Charles E. Haley, M. R. Khan et al.
At the Matlab Hospital of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, the authors examined the blood groups of patients hospitalized between January and September 1979 for diarrheal disease due to a variety of bacterial and viral agents. A significant association was identi...
G. Balakrish Nair, Firdausi Qadri, Jan Holmgren, Ann–Mari Svennerholm et al.
We determined the types of cholera toxin (CT) produced by a collection of 185 Vibrio cholerae O1 strains isolated in Bangladesh over the past 45 years. All of the El Tor strains of V. cholerae O1 isolated since 2001 produced CT of the classical biotype, while those isolated before 2001 produced CT o...
Firdausi Qadri, Amit Saha, Tanvir Ahmed, Abdullah A. Tarique et al.
A cohort of 321 children was followed from birth up to 2 years of age to determine the incidence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) in Bangladesh. The average number of diarrheal days and incidence rates were 6.6 and 2.3/child/year, respectively. ETEC was the most common pathogen and was iso...
Firdausi Qadri, Swadesh K. Das, Abu Syed Golam Faruque, George J. Fuchs et al.
The prevalence of toxin types and colonization factors (CFs) of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) was prospectively studied with fresh samples (n = 4,662) obtained from a 2% routine surveillance of diarrheal stool samples over 2 years, from September 1996 to August 1998. Stool samples were tes...
R. I. Glass, Ann‐Mari Svennerholm, M. R. Khan, S. Huda et al.
In rural Bangladesh, family contacts of patients with cholera were studied prospectively to examine whether protection against colonization and disease due to Vibrio cholerae O1 was associated with circulating antibodies to V. cholerae. Family contacts (1,071) of 370 patients with cholera were visit...
Marianne Jertborn, Ann‐Mari Svennerholm, Jan Holmgren
The possibility that antibody responses in serum, saliva, or breast milk samples to oral vaccines or enteric infections may reflect the intestinal immune response was evaluated in Bangladeshi volunteers orally immunized with a cholera B subunit-whole-cell vaccine (B + WCV) and in patients convalesci...
Firdausi Qadri, Ashraful Islam Khan, Abu Syed Golam Faruque, Yasmin Ara Begum et al.
Flooding in Dhaka in July 2004 caused epidemics of diarrhea. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) was almost as prevalent as Vibrio cholerae O1 in diarrheal stools. ETEC that produced heat-stable enterotoxin alone was most prevalent, and 78% of strains had colonization factors. Like V. cholerae O...
Anna Lundgren, Louis Bourgeois, Nils Carlin, John D. Clements et al.
BACKGROUND: We have developed a new oral vaccine against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), which is the most common cause of bacterial diarrhea in children in developing countries and in travelers. METHODS: The vaccine was tested for safety and immunogenicity alone and together with double-mu...
Aaron M. Harris, Fahima Chowdhury, Yasmin Ara Begum, Ashraful Islam Khan et al.
Bangladesh experienced severe flooding and diarrheal epidemics in 2007. We compared flood data from 2007 with 2004 and 1998 for diarrheal patients attending the ICDDR,B hospital in Dhaka. In 2007, Vibrio cholerae O1 (33%), rotavirus (12%), and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) (12%) were most ...
John D. Clemens, David A. Sack, Jeffrey R. Harris, J. Chakraborty et al.
Journal Article ABO Blood Groups and Cholera: New Observations on Specificity of Risk and Modification of Vaccine Efficacy Get access John D. Clemens, John D. Clemens Please address requests for reprints to Dr. John D. Clemens, Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicin...
Ibrahim Khalil, Richard I. Walker, Chad K. Porter, Farzana Muhib et al.
Diarrhoeal disease attributable to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) causes substantial morbidity and mortality predominantly in paediatric populations in low- and middle-income countries. In addition to acute illness, there is an increasing appreciation of the long-term consequences of enteri...
Firdausi Qadri, Marjahan Akhtar, Taufiqur Rahman Bhuiyan, Mohiul Islam Chowdhury et al.
BACKGROUND: Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli causes diarrhoea, leading to substantial mortality and morbidity in children, but no specific vaccine exists. This trial tested an oral, inactivated, enterotoxigenic E coli vaccine (ETVAX), which has been previously shown to be safe and highly immuongenic...
Firdausi Qadri, Taufiqur Rahman Bhuiyan, David A. Sack, Ann–Mari Svennerholm
Oral mucosal vaccines have great promise for generating protective immunity against intestinal infections for the benefit of large numbers of people especially young children. There however appears to be a caveat since these vaccines have to overcome the inbuilt resistance of mucosal surfaces and se...