José Martines, Vinod K. Paul, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Marjorie A. Koblinsky et al.
To achieve the Millennium Development Goal for child survival (MDG-4), neonatal deaths need to be prevented. Previous papers in this series have presented the size of the problem, discussed cost-effective interventions, and outlined a systematic approach to overcoming health-system constraints to sc...
Shyama Kuruvilla, Flavia Bustreo, Taona Kuo, CK Mishra et al.
Box 1 The Global strategy for women's, children's and adolescents' health (2016-2030) Objectives of the global strategy: * Survive: end preventable mortality; * Thrive: promote health and well-being; and * Transform: expand enabling environments. Five drivers of change to achieve the objectives base...
Kishwar Azad, Sarah Barnett, B Banerjee, Sanjit Kumer Shaha et al.
Background Two recent trials have shown that women's groups can reduce neonatal mortality in poor communities. We assessed the effectiveness of a scaled-up development programme with women's groups to address maternal and neonatal care in three rural districts of Bangladesh. Methods 18 clusters (wit...
Helen Harris–Fry, Niva Shrestha, Anthony Costello, Naomi Saville
BACKGROUND: Nutrition interventions, often delivered at the household level, could increase their efficiency by channelling resources towards pregnant or lactating women, instead of leaving resources to be disproportionately allocated to traditionally favoured men. However, understanding of how to d...
Shamsun Nahar, Anthony Costello
We studied the cost and affordability of 'free' maternity services at government facilities in Dhaka, Bangladesh, to assess whether economic factors may contribute to low utilization. We conducted a questionnaire survey and in-depth interviews among 220 post-partum mothers and their husbands, select...
Helen Harris–Fry, Kishwar Azad, Abdul Kuddus, Sanjit Kumer Shaha et al.
BACKGROUND: There has been limited decline in undernutrition rates in South Asia compared with the rest of Asia and one reason for this may be low levels of household food security. However, the evidence base on the determinants of household food security is limited. To develop policies intended to ...
Sohely Yasmin, David Osrin, Elizabeth Paul, Anthony Costello
OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the role of low birth weight (LBW) in neonatal mortality in a periurban setting in Bangladesh. METHODS: LBW neonates were recruited prospectively and followed up at one month of age. The cohort of neonates were recruited after delivery in a hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and ...
Melissa Neuman, Glyn Alcock, Kishwar Azad, Abdul Kuddus et al.
OBJECTIVES: To describe the prevalence and determinants of births by caesarean section in private and public health facilities in underserved communities in South Asia. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: 81 community-based geographical clusters in four locations in Bangladesh, India and Nepal (...
Edward Fottrell, Naveed Ahmed, Joanna Morrison, Abdul Kuddus et al.
BACKGROUND: Strategies are needed to prevent and control type 2 diabetes and intermediate hyperglycaemia, which together affect roughly a third of adults in Bangladesh. We aimed to assess the effects of mHealth and community mobilisation on the prevalence of intermediate hyperglycaemia and diabetes ...
Edward Fottrell, Kishwar Azad, Abdul Kuddus, Layla Younes et al.
IMPORTANCE: Community-based interventions can reduce neonatal mortality when health systems are weak. Population coverage of target groups may be an important determinant of their effect on behavior and mortality. A women's group trial at coverage of 1 group per 1414 population in rural Bangladesh s...
Hendrik CC de Jonge, Kishwar Azad, Nadine Seward, Abdul Kuddus et al.
BACKGROUND: Short birth intervals are known to have negative effects on pregnancy outcomes. We analysed data from a large population surveillance system in rural Bangladesh to identify predictors of short birth interval and determine consequences of short intervals on pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: Th...
Anthony Costello, Ashok Kumar, Vidhya S. Narayan, Mamoon Akbar et al.
Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G responses to a variety of mycobacterial antigens were measured in children from the UK, in children with tuberculosis from Hyderabad, India and Dhaka, Bangladesh, classified according to whether the disease was disseminated or localized, and in non-tuberculous controls. A...
Christina Pagel, Audrey Prost, Sonia Lewycka, Sushmita Das et al.
BACKGROUND: Public health interventions are increasingly evaluated using cluster-randomised trials in which groups rather than individuals are allocated randomly to treatment and control arms. Outcomes for individuals within the same cluster are often more correlated than outcomes for individuals in...
Anthony Costello, Kishwar Azad, Sarah Barnett
Edward Fottrell, Naveed Ahmed, Sanjit Kumer Shaha, Hannah Maria Jennings et al.
BACKGROUND: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are increasing in low-income settings. We conducted a survey of risk factors, blood pressure and blood glucose in rural Bangladesh and assessed variations by age, sex and wealth. METHODS: We surveyed a random sample of 12 280 adults aged >30 years in 96 v...