Tran Thuy Chau, James Campbell, Claudia M. Galindo, Nguyễn Văn Minh Hoàng et al.
ABSTRACT This study describes the pattern and extent of drug resistance in 1,774 strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolated across Asia between 1993 and 2005 and characterizes the molecular mechanisms underlying the reduced susceptibilities to fluoroquinolones of these strains. For 1,393 ...
Megan E. Carey, Zoe A. Dyson, Danielle J. Ingle, Afreenish Amir et al.
Background: serovar Typhi (Typhi) genomic data to inform public health action. This analysis, which marks 22 years since the publication of the first Typhi genome, represents the largest Typhi genome sequence collection to date (n=13,000). Methods: This is a meta-analysis of global genotype and anti...
James E Meiring, Mila Shakya, Farhana Khanam, Merryn Voysey et al.
BACKGROUND: Enteric fever is a serious public health concern in many low-income and middle-income countries. Numerous data gaps exist concerning the epidemiology of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi (S Typhi) and Salmonella enterica serotype Paratyphi (S Paratyphi), which are the causative agents o...
Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Buddha Basnyat, Samir K. Saha, Ramanan Laxminarayan
James Meiring, Farhana Khanam, Buddha Basnyat, Richelle C. Charles et al.
Typhoid fever is an invasive bacterial disease associated with bloodstream infection that causes a high burden of disease in Africa and Asia. Typhoid primarily affects individuals ranging from infants through to young adults. The causative organism, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi ...
Thomas C. Darton, James Meiring, Susan Tonks, Arifuzzaman Khan et al.
Introduction Invasive infections caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and Paratyphi A are estimated to account for 12–27 million febrile illness episodes worldwide annually. Determining the true burden of typhoidal Salmonellae infections is hindered by lack of population-based studies and ade...
James Meiring, Malick M. Gibani, Buddha Basnyat, Adwoa Bentsi-Enchill et al.
Typhoid fever is estimated to cause between 11.9-26.9 million infections globally each year with 129,000-216,510 deaths. Access to improved water sources have reduced disease incidence in parts of the world but the use of efficacious vaccines is seen as an important public health tool for countries ...
Jacques Izopet, Alain Labrique, Buddha Basnyat, Harry R. Dalton et al.
Background Hepatitis E causes a significant burden of disease in developing countries and has recently been increasingly recognized in developed countries. Comparing population anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) seroprevalence across populations has been difficult. Objectives The aim of this study was to ...
Christopher M. Parry, Nga Tran Vu Thieu, Christiane Dolecek, Abhilasha Karkey et al.
Azithromycin is an effective treatment for uncomplicated infections with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and serovar Paratyphi A (enteric fever), but there are no clinically validated MIC and disk zone size interpretative guidelines. We studied individual patient data from three randomized control...
Buddha Basnyat, Farah Naz Qamar, Priscilla Rupali, Tahmeed Ahmed et al.
• In endemic areas and in returning travellers, consider enteric fever in the differential diagnosis in patients with acute fever, particularly if they have abdominal symptoms • Routine blood tests and blood culture can aid the diagnosis; serological tests, including the Widal test, are not recommen...
Megan E. Carey, William R MacWright, Justin Im, James Meiring et al.
Building on previous multicountry surveillance studies of typhoid and others salmonelloses such as the Diseases of the Most Impoverished program and the Typhoid Surveillance in Africa Project, several ongoing blood culture surveillance studies are generating important data about incidence, severity,...
Pham Thanh Duy, Sabina Dongol, Abhishek Giri, Nguyen Thi Nguyen To et al.
Abstract Background Typhoid fever remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Asia and Africa. The emergence of azithromycin resistance in South Asia is concerning, as azithromycin is one of the last effective oral drugs for treating typhoid. Objectives To describe the molecular mechan...
Richelle C. Charles, Tania Sultana, Mohammad Murshid Alam, Yanan Yu et al.
BACKGROUND: Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi can colonize and persist in the biliary tract of infected individuals, resulting in a state of asymptomatic chronic carriage. Chronic carriers may act as persistent reservoirs of infection within a community and may introduce infection to susceptible in...
Christopher M. Parry, Chau Tran Thuy, Sabina Dongol, Abhilasha Karkey et al.
Infections with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolates that have reduced susceptibility to ofloxacin (MIC ≥ 0.25 μg/ml) or ciprofloxacin (MIC ≥ 0.125 μg/ml) have been associated with a delayed response or clinical failure following treatment with these antimicrobials. These isolates are not dete...
Maile T. Phillips, James Meiring, Merryn Voysey, Joshua L. Warren et al.
Decisions about typhoid fever prevention and control are based on estimates of typhoid incidence and their uncertainty. Lack of specific clinical diagnostic criteria, poorly sensitive diagnostic tests, and scarcity of accurate and complete datasets contribute to difficulties in calculating age-speci...