Orin S. Levine, Katherine L. O’Brien, Maria Deloria Knoll, Richard A. Adegbola et al.
Igor Rudan, Shams El Arifeen, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Robert E. Black et al.
Igor Rudan and colleagues report the results of their consensus building exercise that identified health research priorities to help reduce child mortality from pneumonia.
Maureen H. Diaz, Jessica L. Waller, Rebecca A. Napoliello, Mohammad Shahidul Islam et al.
Identification of etiology remains a significant challenge in the diagnosis of infectious diseases, particularly in resource-poor settings. Viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens, as well as parasites, play a role for many syndromes, and optimizing a single diagnostic system to detect a range of pat...
Quique Bassat, Dianna M. Blau, Ikechukwu U. Ogbuanu, Solomon Samura et al.
Importance: The number of deaths of children younger than 5 years has been steadily decreasing worldwide, from more than 17 million annual deaths in the 1970s to an estimated 5.3 million in 2019 (with 2.8 million deaths occurring in those aged 1-59 months [53% of all deaths in children aged <5 years...
Zachary J. Madewell, Cynthia G. Whitney, Sithembiso Velaphi, Portia Mutevedzi et al.
Importance: Although child mortality trends have decreased worldwide, deaths among children younger than 5 years of age remain high and disproportionately circumscribed to sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia. Tailored and innovative approaches are needed to increase access, coverage, and quality of...
Jennifer R. Verani, Dianna M. Blau, Emily S. Gurley, Victor Akelo et al.
BACKGROUND: Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important cause of nosocomial and community-acquired pneumonia and sepsis in children, and antibiotic-resistant K pneumoniae is a growing public health threat. We aimed to characterise child mortality associated with this pathogen in seven high-mortality setti...
Sana Mahtab, Shabir A. Madhi, Vicky L. Baillie, Toyah Els et al.
Each year, 2.4 million children die within their first month of life. Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS) established in 7 countries aims to generate accurate data on why such deaths occur and inform prevention strategies. Neonatal deaths that occurred between December 2016 a...
Robert F. Breiman, Dianna M. Blau, Portia Mutevedzi, Victor Akelo et al.
BACKGROUND: The current burden of >5 million deaths yearly is the focus of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) to end preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 years old by 2030. To accelerate progression toward this goal, data are needed that accurately quantify the leading causes of d...
Dianna M. Blau, Vicky L. Baillie, Toyah Els, Sana Mahtab et al.
BACKGROUND: Lower respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of death in young children, but few studies have collected the specimens needed to define the role of specific causes. The Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS) platform aims to investigate causes of death in ch...
Shampa Saha, Md Nazmul Hasan, Lindsay Kim, Jennifer L. Farrar et al.
BACKGROUND: Pneumonia is the leading infectious cause of morbidity and mortality in young children in Bangladesh. We present the epidemiology of pneumonia in Bangladeshi children <5 years before 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction and investigate factors associated with disease sev...
Sana Mahtab, Dianna M. Blau, Zachary J. Madewell, Ikechukwu U. Ogbuanu et al.
BACKGROUND: The Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS) Network programme undertakes post-mortem minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS), together with collection of ante-mortem clinical information, to investigate causes of childhood deaths across multiple countries. We aimed ...
Samir K. Saha, Belal Hossain, Maksuda Islam, Md Hasanuzzaman et al.
BACKGROUND: Because Bangladesh intended to introduce pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV)-10 in 2015, we examined the baseline burden of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) to measure impact of PCV. METHODS: During 2007-2013, we performed blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures in children <5 years o...
Zachary J. Madewell, Adama Mamby Keita, Priya Gupta, Ashka Mehta et al.
Introduction Malnutrition contributes to 45% of all childhood deaths globally, but these modelled estimates lack direct measurements in countries with high malnutrition and under-5 mortality rates. We investigated malnutrition’s role in infant and child deaths in the Child Health and Mortality Preve...
Lola Madrid, Kartavya J. Vyas, Vijaya Kancherla, Haleluya Leulseged et al.
BACKGROUND: Neural tube defects are common birth defects resulting in severe morbidity and mortality; they can largely be prevented with periconceptional maternal intake of folic acid. Understanding the occurrence of neural tube defects and their contribution to mortality in settings where their bur...
Elisa Garcia Gomez, Kitiezo Aggrey Igunza, Zachary J. Madewell, Victor Akelo et al.
Delays in illness recognition, healthcare seeking, and in the provision of appropriate clinical care are common in resource-limited settings. Our objective was to determine the frequency of delays in the "Three Delays-in-Healthcare", and factors associated with delays, among deceased infants and chi...