Caitlin Naylor, Miao Lu, Rashidul Haque, Dinesh Mondal et al.
BACKGROUND: Environmental enteropathy (EE) is a subclinical enteric condition found in low-income countries that is characterized by intestinal inflammation, reduced intestinal absorption, and gut barrier dysfunction. We aimed to assess if EE impairs the success of oral polio and rotavirus vaccines ...
Beth D. Kirkpatrick, E. Ross Colgate, Josyf C. Mychaleckyj, Rashidul Haque et al.
Oral vaccines appear less effective in children in the developing world. Proposed biologic reasons include concurrent enteric infections, malnutrition, breast milk interference, and environmental enteropathy (EE). Rigorous study design and careful data management are essential to begin to understand...
Mami Taniuchi, James A Platts-Mills, Sharmin Begum, Md. Jashim Uddin et al.
BACKGROUND: Oral polio vaccine (OPV) and rotavirus vaccine (RV) exhibit poorer performance in low-income settings compared to high-income settings. Prior studies have suggested an inhibitory effect of concurrent non-polio enterovirus (NPEV) infection, but the impact of other enteric infections has n...
Benjamin Lee, Dorothy M. Dickson, Allan C. deCamp, E. Ross Colgate et al.
Background: Lewis and secretor histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) have been associated with decreased susceptibility to P[8] genotype rotavirus (RV) infections. Efficacy of vaccines containing attenuated P[8] strains is decreased in low-income countries. Host phenotype might impact vaccine efficacy ...
E. Ross Colgate, Rashidul Haque, Dorothy M. Dickson, Marya P. Carmolli et al.
BACKGROUND: Rotavirus is the world's leading cause of childhood diarrheal death. Despite successes, oral rotavirus vaccines are less effective in developing countries. In an urban slum of Dhaka, we performed active diarrhea surveillance to evaluate monovalent G1P[8] rotavirus vaccine (RV1) efficacy ...
MaryClaire Walsh, Mohammad Shafiul Alam, Kristen K. Pierce, Marya P. Carmolli et al.
BACKGROUND Morbidity and mortality from dengue virus (DENV) is rapidly growing in the large populations of south Asia. Few formal evaluations of candidate dengue vaccine candidates have been undertaken in India, Pakistan, or Bangladesh. Tetravalent vaccines must be tested for safety and immunogenici...
Benjamin Lee, Marya P. Carmolli, Dorothy M. Dickson, E. Ross Colgate et al.
Background: Rotavirus (RV)-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) responses following oral RV vaccination are impaired in low-income countries, where the utility of RV-IgA as a correlate of protection (CoP) remains unclear. In a monovalent oral RV vaccine (Rotarix) efficacy trial among infants in Dhaka, Ba...
Frank B. Williams, Md Abdul Kader, E. Ross Colgate, Dorothy M. Dickson et al.
Secretor status controls mucosal histo-blood group antigen expression and is associated with susceptibility to rotavirus (RV) diarrhea, with nonsecretors less susceptible to symptomatic infection. The role of breast milk secretor status on oral live-attenuated RV vaccine response in breastfed infant...
Benjamin Lee, Dorothy M. Dickson, Masud Alam, Sajia Afreen et al.
Background: Oral, live-attenuated rotavirus vaccines suffer from impaired immunogenicity and efficacy in low-income countries. Increasing the inoculum of vaccine might improve vaccine response, but this approach has been inadequately explored in low-income countries. Methods: We performed a double-b...
Benjamin Lee, Md Abdul Kader, E. Ross Colgate, Marya P. Carmolli et al.
Group A rotaviruses (RVA) remain a leading cause of pediatric diarrhea worldwide, in part due to underperformance of currently approved live-attenuated, oral vaccines in low-and-middle income countries. Improved immune correlates of protection (CoP) for existing oral vaccines and novel strategies to...
Josyf C. Mychaleckyj, Rashidul Haque, Marya P. Carmolli, Dadong Zhang et al.
BACKGROUND: The Polio Endgame strategy includes phased withdrawal of oral poliovirus vaccines (OPV) coordinated with introduction of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) to ensure population immunity. The impact of IPV introduction into a primary OPV series of immunizations in a developing country i...
E. Ross Colgate, Connor Klopfer, Dorothy M. Dickson, Benjamin Lee et al.
Despite significant progress in recent decades toward ameliorating the excess burden of diarrheal disease globally, childhood diarrhea remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs). Recent large-scale studies of diarrhea etiology in these populations h...
Josyf C. Mychaleckyj, Dadong Zhang, Uma Nayak, E. Ross Colgate et al.
Abstract Background/Objectives Infant linear-growth faltering remains a major public health issue in low- and middle-income countries and suboptimal breast milk composition may be a local, population-specific risk factor. The relationship between early post-natal breast milk fatty acid (FA) composit...
Benjamin Lee, E. Ross Colgate, Marya P. Carmolli, Dorothy M. Dickson et al.
BACKGROUND: Despite the availability and success of live-attenuated oral vaccines, rotavirus (RV) remains the leading cause of pediatric gastroenteritis worldwide. Next-generation vaccines targeting RV VP8∗ are under evaluation, but the role of VP8∗-specific antibodies in human immunity to RV and th...
Frank B. Williams, Md Abdul Kader, Dorothy M. Dickson, E. Ross Colgate et al.
Breast milk secretor status is associated with antibody seroconversion to oral rotavirus vaccination. Here, we were unable to detect a similar impact on risk of infant rotavirus diarrhea or vaccine efficacy through 2 years of life, underscoring limitations of immunogenicity assessment alone in evalu...
Sarah B. Kohl, Dorothy M. Dickson, Masud Alam, E. Ross Colgate et al.
Infants in resource-limited areas frequently receive early-life antibiotic treatment for respiratory and diarrheal illness, but the influence of antibiotics on parenteral vaccine immunogenicity in these settings remains underexplored. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective cohort study within a ran...
Sarah B. Kohl, Dorothy M. Dickson, Masud Alam, E. Ross Colgate et al.
Infants in resource-limited areas frequently receive early-life antibiotic treatment for respiratory and diarrheal illness, but the influence of antibiotics on parenteral vaccine immunogenicity in these settings remains underexplored. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective cohort study within a ran...
Benjamin Lee, Md Abdul Kader, Masud Alam, Dorothy M. Dickson et al.
The infant non-secretor histoblood group antigen phenotype is associated with reduced risk of symptomatic rotavirus diarrhea, one of the leading global causes of severe pediatric diarrheal disease and mortality. However, little is known regarding the role of secretor status in asymptomatic rotavirus...
Benjamin Lee, Md Abdul Kader, E. Ross Colgate, Marya P. Carmolli et al.
Abstract Rotavirus remains a leading cause of pediatric diarrhea worldwide, in part due to underperformance of currently approved live-attenuated, oral vaccines in low-and-middle income countries (LMIC). Improved immune correlates of protection (CoP) for existing oral vaccines and novel strategies t...
Caitlin Naylor, Miao Lu, Rashidul Haque, Dinesh Mondal et al.
article i nfo Background: Environmental enteropathy (EE) is a subclinical enteric condition found in low-income countries that is characterized by intestinal inflammation, reduced intestinal absorption, and gut barrier dysfunction. We aimed to assess if EE impairs the success of oral polio and rotav...