Marie Ng, Tom Fleming, Margaret S. Robinson, Blake Thomson et al.
Background In 2010, overweight and obesity were estimated to cause 3.4 million deaths, 3.9% of years of life lost, and 3.8% of DALYs globally. The rise in obesity has led to widespread calls for regular monitoring of changes in overweight and obesity prevalence in all populations. Comparative, up-to...
Peter Reason, Hilary Bradbury
PART ONE: GROUNDINGS Introduction to Groundings - Peter Reason and Hilary Bradbury Living Inquiry - Patricia Gaya Wicks, Peter Reason and Hilary Bradbury Personal, Political and Philosophical Groundings of Action Research Practice Participatory Action Research as Practice - Marja Liisa Swantz Some T...
Gregory A. Roth, Catherine O. Johnson, Kalkidan Hassen Abate, Foad Abd-Allah et al.
Importance: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States, but regional variation within the United States is large. Comparable and consistent state-level measures of total CVD burden and risk factors have not been produced previously. Objective: To quantify and des...
Guillaume Émériaud, Yolanda M. López‐Fernández, Narayan P. Iyer, Melania M. Bembea et al.
OBJECTIVES: We sought to update our 2015 work in the Second Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference (PALICC-2) guidelines for the diagnosis and management of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS), considering new evidence and topic areas that were not previously addressed. D...
Stefan Schild, Rita Tamayo, Eric J. Nelson, Firdausi Qadri et al.
The facultative pathogen Vibrio cholerae can exist in both the human small bowel and in aquatic environments. While investigation of the infection process has revealed many factors important for pathogenesis, little is known regarding transmission of this or other water-borne pathogens. Using a temp...
Ellen B. Steinberg, Richard D. Bishop, Penina Haber, Amanda F. Dempsey et al.
To clarify indications for typhoid vaccination, we reviewed laboratory-confirmed cases of typhoid fever reported to the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention between 1994 and 1999. To estimate the risk of adverse events associated with typhoid vaccination, we reviewed reports to t...
Rachel Bezanson, Ivo Labbé, Katherine E. Whitaker, Joel Leja et al.
Abstract In this paper we describe the survey design for the Ultradeep NIRSpec and NIRCam Observations before the Epoch of Reionization (UNCOVER) Cycle 1 JWST Treasury program, which executed its early imaging component in 2022 November. The UNCOVER survey includes ultradeep (∼29–30AB) imaging of ∼4...
Eric J. Nelson, Ashrafuzzaman Chowdhury, James Flynn, Stefan Schild et al.
Cholera outbreaks are proposed to propagate in explosive cycles powered by hyperinfectious Vibrio cholerae and quenched by lytic vibriophage. However, studies to elucidate how these factors affect transmission are lacking because the field experiments are almost intractable. One reason for this is t...
Eric J. Nelson, Danielle S. Nelson, Mohammed Abdus Salam, David A. Sack
The 2010 Haitian cholera outbreak has pressed local and international experts into rapid action against a disease that is new to many health care providers in Haiti. The World Health Organization (WHO) has time-tested management protocols for emerging cholera outbreaks. These protocols have been use...
Josephine F. W. Baggen, Pieter van Dokkum, Gabriel Brammer, Anna de Graaff et al.
Abstract Early JWST studies found an apparent population of massive, compact galaxies at redshifts z ≳ 7. Recently three of these galaxies were shown to have prominent Balmer breaks, demonstrating that their light at λ rest ∼ 3500 Å is dominated by a stellar population that is relatively old (∼200 M...
Susan M. Butler, Eric J. Nelson, Nityananda Chowdhury, Shah M. Faruque et al.
Factors that enhance the transmission of pathogens are poorly understood. We show that Vibrio cholerae shed in human 'rice-water' stools have a 10-fold lower oral infectious dose in an animal model than in vitro grown V. cholerae, which may aid in transmission during outbreaks. Furthermore, we ident...
Eric J. Nelson, Ashrafuzzaman Chowdhury, Jason B. Harris, Yasmin Ara Begum et al.
At the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, one-half of the rice-water stool samples that were culture-positive for Vibrio cholerae did not contain motile V. cholerae by standard darkfield microscopy and were defined as darkfield-negative (DF(-)). We evaluated the host a...
Erica R. Fuhrmeister, Ayşe Ercümen, Amy J. Pickering, Kaitlyn M. Jeanis et al.
increase in the concentration of the animal fecal marker (BacCow) on mothers' hands. Thus, domestic animals were important contributors to enteric pathogens in these households.
René Loewenson, Kirsten Accoe, Nitin Bajpai, Kent Buse et al.
Over the past 6 months, we have witnessed diversity in the spread and severity of the COVID-19 and in the nature and timing of \nresponses to it in different countries and contexts. Acute emergencies often mobilise a short spurt of attention and resources. \nCOVID-19 is, however, a protracte...
Erica R. Fuhrmeister, Ayşe Ercümen, Amy J. Pickering, Kaitlyn M. Jeanis et al.
genes on child hands was lower in the sanitation arm. Incomplete removal of child and animal feces or the compound (versus community-wide) scale of intervention could explain the limited impacts of improved sanitation.
Katherine A. Suess, John R. Weaver, Sedona H. Price, Richard Pan et al.
Abstract In this paper, we describe the “Medium Bands, Mega Science” JWST Cycle 2 survey (JWST-GO-4111) and demonstrate the power of these data to reveal both the spatially integrated and spatially resolved properties of galaxies from the local Universe to the era of cosmic dawn. Executed in 2023 No...
Farhana Haque, Robyn L. Ball, Selina Khatun, Mujaddeed Ahmed et al.
The emergence of mobile technology offers new opportunities to improve clinical guideline adherence in resource-limited settings. We conducted a clinical pilot study in rural Bangladesh to evaluate the impact of a smartphone adaptation of the World Health Organization (WHO) diarrheal disease managem...
Ashraful Islam Khan, Jasmine A. Mack, M. Salim Uzzaman, Mazharul Islam Zion et al.
Background Acute diarrhoeal disease management often requires rehydration alone without antibiotics. However, non-indicated antibiotics are frequently ordered and this is an important driver of antimicrobial resistance. The mHealth Diarrhoea Management (mHDM) trial aimed to establish whether electro...
Rochelle K. Rosen, Monique Gainey, Sabiha Nasrin, Stephanie C. Garbern et al.
Objective: Framework Matrix Analysis (FMA) and Applied Thematic Analysis (ATA) are qualitative methods that have not been as widely used/cited compared to content analysis or grounded theory. This paper compares methods of FMA with ATA for mobile health (mHealth) research. The same qualitative data ...
Naïma Madi, Emilee Cato, Md. Abu Sayeed, Ashton Creasy-Marrazzo et al.
Despite an increasingly detailed picture of the molecular mechanisms of bacteriophage (phage)–bacterial interactions, we lack an understanding of how these interactions evolve and impact disease within patients. In this work, we report a year-long, nationwide study of diarrheal disease patients in B...