Keyan Zhao, Chih‐Wei Tung, Georgia C. Eizenga, Mark H. Wright et al.
Asian rice, Oryza sativa is a cultivated, inbreeding species that feeds over half of the world's population. Understanding the genetic basis of diverse physiological, developmental, and morphological traits provides the basis for improving yield, quality and sustainability of rice. Here we show the ...
Andrew A. Meharg, Gareth J. Norton, Claire Deacon, Paul N. Williams et al.
Cereal grains are the dominant source of cadmium in the human diet, with rice being to the fore. Here we explore the effect of geographic, genetic, and processing (milling) factors on rice grain cadmium and rice consumption rates that lead to dietary variance in cadmium intake. From a survey of 12 c...
Paul N. Williams, Hao Zhang, William Davison, Andrew A. Meharg et al.
Agroecological zones within Bangladesh with low levels of arsenic in groundwater and soils produce rice that is high in arsenic with respect to other producing regions of the globe. Little is known about arsenic cycling in these soils and the labile fractions relevant for plant uptake when flooded. ...
Gareth J. Norton, Mohammad Shafaei, Anthony J. Travis, Claire Deacon et al.
As the world’s population increases, demands on staple crops like rice (Oryza sativa L.) will also increase, requiring additional fresh water supplies for irrigation of rice fields. Safe alternate wetting and drying (AWD) is a water management technique that is being adopted across a number of count...
Gareth J. Norton, Alex Douglas, Brett Lahner, Elena Yakubova et al.
The mineral concentrations in cereals are important for human health, especially for individuals who consume a cereal subsistence diet. A number of elements, such as zinc, are required within the diet, while some elements are toxic to humans, for example arsenic. In this study we carry out genome-wi...
Gareth J. Norton, Guilan Duan, Tapash Dasgupta, Md. Rafiqul Islam et al.
The concentration of arsenic (As) in rice grains has been identified as a risk to human health. The high proportion of inorganic species of As (As(i)) is of particular concern as it is a nonthreshold, class 1 human carcinogen. To be able to breed rice with low grain As, an understanding of genetic v...
Gareth J. Norton, Md. Rafiqul Islam, Claire Deacon, Fang‐Jie Zhao et al.
For the world's population, rice consumption is a major source of inorganic arsenic (As), a nonthreshold class 1 carcinogen. Reducing the amount of total and inorganic As within the rice grain would reduce the exposure risk. In this study, grain As was measured in 76 cultivars consisting of Banglade...
Gareth J. Norton, Shannon R. M. Pinson, Jill Alexander, Susan McKay et al.
• Inorganic arsenic (As(i) ) in rice (Oryza sativa) grains is a possible threat to human health, with risk being strongly linked to total dietary rice consumption and consumed rice As(i) content. This study aimed to identify the range and stability of genetic variation in grain arsenic (As) in rice....
Zhengyu Shi, Manus Carey, Caroline Meharg, Paul N. Williams et al.
Abstract One of cadmium’s major exposure routes to humans is through rice consumption. The concentrations of cadmium in the global polished (white), market rice supply-chain were assessed in 2270 samples, purchased from retailers across 32 countries, encompassing 6 continents. It was found on a glob...
Jacqueline L. Stroud, Gareth J. Norton, Md. Rafiqul Islam, Tapash Dasgupta et al.
Irrigation with arsenic contaminated groundwater in the Bengal Delta may lead to As accumulation in the soil and rice grain. The dynamics of As concentration and speciation in paddy fields during dry season (boro) rice cultivation were investigated at 4 sites in Bangladesh and West Bengal, India. Th...
Adam H. Price, Gareth J. Norton, David E. Salt, Oliver Ebenhoeh et al.
Abstract The crop management practice of alternate wetting and drying ( AWD ) is being promoted by IRRI and the national research and extension program in Bangladesh and other parts of the world as a water‐saving irrigation practice that reduces the environmental impact of dry season rice production...
Gareth J. Norton, Paul N. Williams, Eureka Adomako, Adam H. Price et al.
In a large scale survey of rice grains from markets (13 countries) and fields (6 countries), a total of 1578 rice grain samples were analysed for lead. From the market collected samples, only 0.6% of the samples exceeded the Chinese and EU limit of 0.2 μg g(-1) lead in rice (when excluding samples c...
Jacqueline L. Stroud, Mujib Khan, Gareth J. Norton, Md. Rafiqul Islam et al.
Arsenic (As) contamination of paddy soils threatens rice cultivation and the health of populations relying on rice as a staple crop. In the present study, isotopic dilution techniques were used to determine the chemically labile (E value) and phytoavailable (L value) pools of As in a range of paddy ...
Anthony J. Travis, Gareth J. Norton, Sutapa Datta, R. N. Sarma et al.
BACKGROUND: Genetic diversity among rice cultivars from Bangladesh and North East India was assessed using a custom 384-SNP microarray assay. A total of 511 cultivars were obtained from several sources, choosing landraces likely to be from the aus subpopulation and modern improved cultivars from Ban...
Gareth J. Norton, Md. Rafiqul Islam, Guilan Duan, Ming Lei et al.
Arsenic (As) accumulation in rice grains is a risk to human health. The mechanism of transfer of As from the shoot into the grain during grain filling is unknown at present. In this study As speciation in the shoot and grains at maturity were examined, and the relationships between phosphorus (P) an...