Katherine L. O’Brien, Henry C. Baggett, W. Abdullah Brooks, Daniel R. Feikin et al.
BACKGROUND: Pneumonia is the leading cause of death among children younger than 5 years. In this study, we estimated causes of pneumonia in young African and Asian children, using novel analytical methods applied to clinical and microbiological findings. METHODS: We did a multi-site, international c...
Scott J. Vitell, Saviour L. S. Nwachukwu, James H. Barnes
Luregn J. Schlapbach, R. Scott Watson, Lauren R. Sorce, Andrew C. Argent et al.
Importance: Sepsis is a leading cause of death among children worldwide. Current pediatric-specific criteria for sepsis were published in 2005 based on expert opinion. In 2016, the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3) defined sepsis as life-threatening org...
Norihiro Kato, CARDIo GRAMplusCD, LifeLines Cohort Study, Marie Loh et al.
We carried out a trans-ancestry genome-wide association and replication study of blood pressure phenotypes among up to 320,251 individuals of East Asian, European and South Asian ancestry. We find genetic variants at 12 new loci to be associated with blood pressure (P = 3.9 × 10−11 to 5.0 × 10−21). ...
GBD 2017 Child and Adolescent Health Collaborators, Robert C. Reiner, Helen Elizabeth Olsen, Chad Ikeda et al.
Importance: Understanding causes and correlates of health loss among children and adolescents can identify areas of success, stagnation, and emerging threats and thereby facilitate effective improvement strategies. Objective: To estimate mortality and morbidity in children and adolescents from 1990 ...
Saffron Karlsen, James Nazroo, Kwame McKenzie, Kamaldeep Bhui et al.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between risk of psychosis, common mental disorder (CMD) and indicators of racism among ethnic minority groups in England and how this relationship may vary by particular ethnic groups. METHOD: A multivariate analysis was carried out o...
Scott Weich, James Nazroo, Kerry Sproston, Sally McManus et al.
BACKGROUND: There is little population-based evidence on ethnic variation in the most common mental disorders (CMD), anxiety and depression. We compared the prevalence of CMD among representative samples of White, Irish, Black Caribbean, Bangladeshi, Indian and Pakistani individuals living in Englan...
Emma Fulu, Stephanie Spaid Miedema, Tim Roselli, Sarah McCook et al.
BACKGROUND: Although childhood trauma and violence against women are global public health issues, few population-based data from low-income and middle-income countries exist about the links between them. We present data from the UN Multi-country Study on Men and Violence in Asia and the Pacific, exp...
Xin Wang, You Li, Maria Deloria Knoll, Shabir A. Madhi et al.
BACKGROUND: Human metapneumovirus is a common virus associated with acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) in children. No global burden estimates are available for ALRIs associated with human metapneumovirus in children, and no licensed vaccines or drugs exist for human metapneumovirus infectio...
Kamaldeep Bhui, Stephen Stansfeld, Kwame McKenzie, Saffron Karlsen et al.
OBJECTIVES: We measured perceived discrimination and its association with common mental disorders among workers in the United Kingdom. METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of a national sample of 6 ethnic groups (n=2054). Discrimination was measured as reports of insults; unfair treatment at w...
L. Nelson Sanchez‐Pinto, Tellen D. Bennett, Peter E. DeWitt, Seth Russell et al.
Importance: The Society of Critical Care Medicine Pediatric Sepsis Definition Task Force sought to develop and validate new clinical criteria for pediatric sepsis and septic shock using measures of organ dysfunction through a data-driven approach. Objective: To derive and validate novel criteria for...
Charles Sheppard, Mebrahtu Ateweberhan, Brian W. Bowen, Peter Carr et al.
shallow limestone platform and reefs. This has doubled the global cover of such MPAs.It contains 25-50% of the Indian Ocean reef area remaining in excellent condition, as well as the world's largest contiguous undamaged reef area. It has suffered from warming episodes, but after the most severe mort...
Vinay Gidwani, K. Sivaramakrishnan
Abstract Harnessing primary and secondary evidence from India, our essay conceptualizes the cultural dynamics of migration. In so doing, it demonstrates the incompleteness of standard marginalist and Marxist accounts of labor circulation. As a corrective, we examine the linkages between culture, pol...
Kusum Menon, Luregn J. Schlapbach, Samuel Akech, Andrew Argent et al.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the associations of demographic, clinical, laboratory, organ dysfunction, and illness severity variable values with: 1) sepsis, severe sepsis, or septic shock in children with infection and 2) multiple organ dysfunction or death in children with sepsis, severe sepsis, or sept...
Christopher G. Jacob, Thuy-Nhien Nguyen, Mayfong Mayxay, Richard J. Maude et al.
Background: National Malaria Control Programmes (NMCPs) currently make limited use of parasite genetic data. We have developed GenRe-Mekong, a platform for genetic surveillance of malaria in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) that enables NMCPs to implement large-scale surveillance projects by integ...
Daniel R. Feikin, Wei Fu, Daniel E. Park, Qiyuan Shi et al.
BACKGROUND.: The etiologic inference of identifying a pathogen in the upper respiratory tract (URT) of children with pneumonia is unclear. To determine if viral load could provide evidence of causality of pneumonia, we compared viral load in the URT of children with World Health Organization-defined...
Sarah M. Durant, Matthew S. Becker, Scott Creel, Sultana Bashir et al.
Summary In dryland ecosystems, mobility is essential for both wildlife and people to access unpredictable and spatially heterogeneous resources, particularly in the face of climate change. Fences can prevent connectivity vital for this mobility. There are recent calls for large‐scale barrier fencing...
Michael Scott, Nick Fradgley, Alison R. Bentley, Thomas Brabbs et al.
BACKGROUND: Selection has dramatically shaped genetic and phenotypic variation in bread wheat. We can assess the genomic basis of historical phenotypic changes, and the potential for future improvement, using experimental populations that attempt to undo selection through the randomizing effects of ...
Andrew M. Briggs, Carmen Huckel Schneider, Helen Slater, Joanne M. Jordan et al.
INTRODUCTION: Despite the profound burden of disease, a strategic global response to optimise musculoskeletal (MSK) health and guide national-level health systems strengthening priorities remains absent. Auspiced by the Global Alliance for Musculoskeletal Health (G-MUSC), we aimed to empirically der...
Nicholas Fancourt, Maria Deloria Knoll, Henry C. Baggett, W. Abdullah Brooks et al.
BACKGROUND.: Chest radiographs (CXRs) are frequently used to assess pneumonia cases. Variations in CXR appearances between epidemiological settings and their correlation with clinical signs are not well documented. METHODS.: The Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health project enrolled 4232 case...