Amy J. Pickering, Clair Null, Peter J. Winch, Goldberg Mangwadu et al.
Child stunting is a global problem and is only modestly responsive to dietary interventions. Numerous observational studies have shown that water quality, sanitation, and handwashing (WASH) in a household are strongly associated with linear growth of children living in the same household. We have co...
Marieke S. van de Loosdrecht, Abdeljalil Bouzouggar, Louise Humphrey, Cosimo Posth et al.
North Africa is a key region for understanding human history, but the genetic history of its people is largely unknown. We present genomic data from seven 15,000-year-old modern humans, attributed to the Iberomaurusian culture, from Morocco. We find a genetic affinity with early Holocene Near Easter...
Ethan Gough, David A. Stephens, Erica E. M. Moodie, Andrew J. Prendergast et al.
BACKGROUND: Chronic malnutrition, termed stunting, is defined as suboptimal linear growth, affects one third of children in developing countries, and leads to increased mortality and poor developmental outcomes. The causes of childhood stunting are unknown, and strategies to improve growth and relat...
Andrew Mertens, Jade Benjamin‐Chung, John M. Colford, Jeremy Coyle et al.
. Interventions such as nutritional supplementation during pregnancy and the postnatal period could help prevent growth faltering, but programmatic action has been insufficient to eliminate the high burden of stunting and wasting in low- and middle-income countries. Identification of age windows and...
Jade Benjamin‐Chung, Andrew Mertens, John M. Colford, Alan Hubbard et al.
. Stunting, a form of linear growth faltering, increases the risk of illness, impaired cognitive development and mortality. Global stunting estimates rely on cross-sectional surveys, which cannot provide direct information about the timing of onset or persistence of growth faltering-a key considerat...
Josh M. Colston, Benjamin F. Zaitchik, Hamada S. Badr, Eleanor Burnett et al.
Abstract Diarrheal disease, still a major cause of childhood illness, is caused by numerous, diverse infectious microorganisms, which are differentially sensitive to environmental conditions. Enteropathogen‐specific impacts of climate remain underexplored. Results from 15 studies that diagnosed ente...
Rodrigo Lopes Ferreira, Enrico Bernard, Francisco William da Cruz Júnior, Luís B. Piló et al.
(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) No abstract provided.
Kathryn G. Dewey, Charles D. Arnold, K. Ryan Wessells, Elizabeth L. Prado et al.
BACKGROUND: Meta-analyses show that small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNSs) reduce child wasting and stunting. There is little information regarding effects on severe wasting or stunting. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to identify the effect of SQ-LNSs on prevalence of severe wasting (weight...
Josh M. Colston, Abu Syed Golam Faruque, M Jahangir Hossain, Debasish Saha et al.
Diarrheal disease remains a major cause of childhood mortality and morbidity causing poor health and economic outcomes. In low-resource settings, young children are exposed to numerous risk factors for enteric pathogen transmission within their dwellings, though the relative importance of different ...
Elizabeth Hazel, Daniel J. Erchick, Joanne Katz, Anne CC Lee et al.
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to understand the mortality risks of vulnerable newborns (defined as preterm and/or born weighing smaller or larger compared to a standard population), in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). DESIGN: Descriptive multi-country, secondary analysis of individual-level study dat...
Hamada S. Badr, Josh M. Colston, Nhat-Lan H. Nguyen, Yen‐Ting Chen et al.
BACKGROUND: Diarrhoeal disease is a leading cause of childhood illness and death globally, and Shigella is a major aetiological contributor for which a vaccine might soon be available. The primary objective of this study was to model the spatiotemporal variation in paediatric Shigella infection and ...
Eric P.M. Grist, Jennifer A. Flegg, Georgina Humphreys, Ignacio Más et al.
BACKGROUND: Artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites are now present across much of mainland Southeast Asia, where ongoing surveys are measuring and mapping their spatial distribution. These efforts require substantial resources. Here we propose a generic 'smart surveillance' me...
Jean H. Humphrey
Faecal-pathogen-free living environments, food, and drinking water are irrefutably fundamental to human health. Nonetheless, several controlled experiments have failed to prove that WASH interventions, designed to reduce faecal exposure, improve health outcomes.1Clasen T Boisson S Routray P et al.Ef...
Daniel J. Erchick, Elizabeth Hazel, Joanne Katz, A. C. C. Lee et al.
OBJECTIVE: To examine prevalence of novel newborn types among 541 285 live births in 23 countries from 2000 to 2021. DESIGN: Descriptive multi-country secondary data analysis. SETTING: Subnational, population-based birth cohort studies (n = 45) in 23 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) spanning...
Elizabeth Hazel, Daniel J. Erchick, Joanne Katz, Anne CC Lee et al.
Abstract Objective To describe the mortality risks by fine strata of gestational age and birthweight among 230 679 live births in nine low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) from 2000 to 2017. Design Descriptive multi‐country secondary data analysis. Setting Nine LMICs in sub‐Saharan Africa, South...
Rachel Makasi, Jean H. Humphrey
Stunting is a prevalent form of child undernutrition and is associated with lifelong adverse health outcomes and loss of human capital. The Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Benefits (Bangladesh and Kenya) and Sanitation Hygiene Infant Nutrition Efficacy (SHINE; Zimbabwe) trials were conducted t...
Kenneth Maleta, Mark Manary
Prevention and treatment of childhood stunting, which is a pervasive problem in most low-income and middle-income countries, remain a challenge. Stunting arises from multifactorial biological, social, and environmental causes that are often interlinked at various levels.1Cumming O Cairncross S Can w...
Jean H. Humphrey, Amy J. Pickering, Clair Null, Peter J. Winch et al.
We recently completed 3 efficacy trials (Bangladesh, Kenya, Zimbabwe) testing the independent and combined effects of improved complementary feeding (CF) and intensive household water quality, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) on child diarrhea and length-for-age-Z-score (LAZ) at 18 to 24 mo. Intervent...
Amy J. Pickering, Benjamin F. Arnold, Andrew J. Prendergast, Clair Null et al.
We agree with Karen Levy and Joseph Eisenberg that observational studies of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) interventions with carefully designed counterfactuals can play a valuable role in generating evidence on effectiveness, particularly in urban settings. Randomised controlled trials for c...
Kathryn G. Dewey, Christine P. Stewart, Christine M. McDonald, K. Ryan Wessells et al.
We write in response to the commentary by Gupta et al. (2023) on small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) for infants and young children 6 to 24 months of age, which was prompted by the recent brief guidance note from UNICEF (2023) explaining when, why and how SQ-LNS are being priori...