Sarah K. Wise, Cecelia Damask, Lauren T. Roland, Charles S. Ebert et al.
BACKGROUND: In the 5 years that have passed since the publication of the 2018 International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis (ICAR-Allergic Rhinitis 2018), the literature has expanded substantially. The ICAR-Allergic Rhinitis 2023 update presents 144 individual topics ...
Jack Stone, Hannah Fraser, Aaron G. Lim, Josephine G. Walker et al.
BACKGROUND: People who inject drugs (PWID) experience a high prevalence of incarceration and might be at high risk of HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection during or after incarceration. We aimed to assess whether incarceration history elevates HIV or HCV acquisition risk among PWID. METHODS: st...
Anna Kopf, Mesude Bicak, Renzo Kottmann, Julia Schnetzer et al.
Ocean Sampling Day was initiated by the EU-funded Micro B3 (Marine Microbial Biodiversity, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology) project to obtain a snapshot of the marine microbial biodiversity and function of the world's oceans. It is a simultaneous global mega-sequencing campaign aiming to generate the ...
Angela Harris, Amy J. Pickering, Michael D. Harris, Solaiman Doza et al.
In Dhaka, Bangladesh, the sensitivity and specificity of three human, three ruminant, and one avian source-associated QPCR microbial source tracking assays were evaluated using fecal samples collected on site. Ruminant-associated assays performed well, whereas the avian and human assays exhibited un...
Yoshika S. Crider, Sonia Sultana, Leanne Unicomb, Jennifer Davis et al.
Chlorination is a low-cost, effective method for drinking water treatment, but aversion to the taste or smell of chlorinated water can limit use of chlorine treatment products. Forced choice triangle tests were used to evaluate chlorine detection and acceptability thresholds for two common types of ...
Laura H. Kwong, Ayşe Ercümen, Amy J. Pickering, Leanne Unicomb et al.
Children are exposed to environmental contaminants by placing contaminated hands or objects in their mouths. We quantified hand- and object-mouthing frequencies of Bangladeshi children and determined if they differ from those of U.S. children to evaluate the appropriateness of applying U.S. exposure...
Cathrine Axfors, Perrine Janiaud, Andreas M. Schmitt, Janneke van ’t Hooft et al.
Abstract Background Convalescent plasma has been widely used to treat COVID-19 and is under investigation in numerous randomized clinical trials, but results are publicly available only for a small number of trials. The objective of this study was to assess the benefits of convalescent plasma treatm...
Laura H. Kwong, Ayşe Ercümen, Amy J. Pickering, Joanne E Arsenault et al.
ingestion and emphasize the value of intervening along these pathways.
Laura H. Kwong, Ayşe Ercümen, Amy J. Pickering, Leanne Unicomb et al.
Children are exposed to environmental contaminants through direct ingestion of water, food, soil, and feces, and through indirect ingestion owing to mouthing hands and objects. We quantified ingestion among 30 rural Bangladeshi children 75% of all hand mouthing was associated with eating. The freque...
Amy J. Pickering, Yoshika S. Crider, Nuhu Amin, Valerie Bauza et al.
The number of people served by networked systems that supply intermittent and contaminated drinking water is increasing. In these settings, centralized water treatment is ineffective, while household-level water treatment technologies have not been brought to scale. This study compares a novel low-c...
Laura H. Kwong, Ayşe Ercümen, Amy J. Pickering, Leanne Unicomb et al.
Ingestion of soil and dust is a pathway of children’s exposure to several environmental contaminants, including lead, pesticides, and fecal contamination. Empirically based estimates of central tendency for soil consumption by children in high-income countries range from 9 to 135 dry mg/day. Using a...
Cody T. Ross, Paul L. Hooper, Jennifer E. Smith, Adrian V. Jaeggi et al.
To address claims of human exceptionalism, we determine where humans fit within the greater mammalian distribution of reproductive inequality. We show that humans exhibit lower reproductive skew (i.e., inequality in the number of surviving offspring) among males and smaller sex differences in reprod...
Brenna B. Han, Eva Purkey, Colleen Davison, Autumn Watson et al.
BACKGROUND: There is limited and inconsistent literature examining the relationship between food worry and mental health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examined the association between food worry and mental health among community dwelling Canadian adults during the COVID-19 pand...
Nuhu Amin, Yoshika S. Crider, Leanne Unicomb, Kishor Kumar Das et al.
Point-of-use water treatment with chlorine is underutilized in low-income households. The Zimba, an automated batch chlorinator, requires no electricity or moving parts, and can be installed at shared water points with intermittent flow. We conducted a small-scale trial to assess the acceptability a...
Emily E. Puckett, Isis S. Davis, Dawn C. Harper, Kazumasa Wakamatsu et al.
Color variation is a frequent evolutionary substrate for camouflage in small mammals, but the underlying genetics and evolutionary forces that drive color variation in natural populations of large mammals are mostly unexplained. The American black bear, Ursus americanus (U. americanus), exhibits a r...
Angela Harris, Mohammad Aminul Islam, Leanne Unicomb, Alexandria B. Boehm et al.
Fresh produce items can become contaminated with enteric pathogens along the supply chain at the preharvest (e.g., irrigation water, soil, fertilizer) or postharvest (e.g., vendor handling or consumer handling) stages. This study assesses the concentrations of fecal indicator bacteria Escherichia co...
Daniel W. Smith, Mahfuza Islam, Kirin E. Furst, Shobnom Mustaree et al.
Expanding drinking water chlorination could substantially reduce the burden of disease in low- and middle-income countries, but the taste of chlorinated water often impedes adoption. We developed a Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the effect of people's choice to accept or reject drinking water ba...
Autumn Watson, Eva Purkey, Colleen Davison, Minnie Fu et al.
Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the physical, mental, emotional and spiritual health of urban Indigenous Peoples. We sought to examine innovations and changes in service delivery by Indigenous service providers in the community who are addressing community needs based on an Indigenous wo...
Kirin E. Furst, Daniel W. Smith, Linzi R. Bhatta, Mahfuza Islam et al.
Intermittently operated distribution systems serve over one billion people and may be impacted by the intrusion of contaminated waters carrying disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursors. The impact of intrusion on the formation of 19 DBPs was evaluated in an intermittent water system supplied by deep ...
Velina Ninkova, Jennifer Hays, Noa Lavi, Aishah Ali et al.
Universal formal education is a major global development goal. Yet hunter-gatherer communities have extremely low participation rates in formal schooling, even in comparison with other marginalized groups. Here, we review the existing literature to identify common challenges faced by hunter-gatherer...