Stephanie W. Lo, Kate C. Mellor, Robert Cohen, Alba Redin Alonso et al.
BACKGROUND: Serotype 24F is one of the emerging pneumococcal serotypes after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV). We aimed to identify lineages driving the increase of serotype 24F in France and place these findings into a global context. METHODS: Whole-genome sequencing was pe..
Quique Bassat, Dianna M. Blau, Ikechukwu U. Ogbuanu, Solomon Samura et al.
Importance: The number of deaths of children younger than 5 years has been steadily decreasing worldwide, from more than 17 million annual deaths in the 1970s to an estimated 5.3 million in 2019 (with 2.8 million deaths occurring in those aged 1-59 months [53% of all deaths in children aged <5 years...
Zachary J. Madewell, Cynthia G. Whitney, Sithembiso Velaphi, Portia Mutevedzi et al.
Importance: Although child mortality trends have decreased worldwide, deaths among children younger than 5 years of age remain high and disproportionately circumscribed to sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia. Tailored and innovative approaches are needed to increase access, coverage, and quality of...
Julia C. Bennett, Maria Deloria Knoll, E. Wangeci Kagucia, Maria Garcia Quesada et al.
BACKGROUND: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) that are ten-valent (PCV10) and 13-valent (PCV13) became available in 2010. We evaluated their global impact on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence in all ages. METHODS: Serotype-specific IPD cases and population denominators were obtained...
Jennifer R. Verani, Dianna M. Blau, Emily S. Gurley, Victor Akelo et al.
BACKGROUND: Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important cause of nosocomial and community-acquired pneumonia and sepsis in children, and antibiotic-resistant K pneumoniae is a growing public health threat. We aimed to characterise child mortality associated with this pathogen in seven high-mortality setti...
Dianna M. Blau, Vicky L. Baillie, Toyah Els, Sana Mahtab et al.
BACKGROUND: Lower respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of death in young children, but few studies have collected the specimens needed to define the role of specific causes. The Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS) platform aims to investigate causes of death in ch...
Joshua C D'Aeth, Mark PG van der Linden, Lesley McGee, Hermı́nia de Lencastre et al.
Multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae emerge through the modification of core genome loci by interspecies homologous recombinations, and acquisition of gene cassettes. Both occurred in the otherwise contrasting histories of the antibiotic-resistant S. pneumoniae lineages PMEN3 and PMEN9. A si...
Sana Mahtab, Dianna M. Blau, Zachary J. Madewell, Ikechukwu U. Ogbuanu et al.
BACKGROUND: The Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS) Network programme undertakes post-mortem minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS), together with collection of ante-mortem clinical information, to investigate causes of childhood deaths across multiple countries. We aimed ...
Lola Madrid, Kartavya J. Vyas, Vijaya Kancherla, Haleluya Leulseged et al.
BACKGROUND: Neural tube defects are common birth defects resulting in severe morbidity and mortality; they can largely be prevented with periconceptional maternal intake of folic acid. Understanding the occurrence of neural tube defects and their contribution to mortality in settings where their bur...
Sophie Belman, Noémie Lefrancq, Susan Nzenze, Sarah Downs et al.
. The extent and mechanisms of spread and vaccine-driven changes in fitness and antimicrobial resistance remain largely unquantified. Here using geolocated genome sequences from South Africa (n = 6,910, collected from 2000 to 2014), we developed models to reconstruct spread, pairing detailed human m...
Aditya Sharma, Ulzii-Orishikh Luvsansharav, Prabasaj Paul, Joseph D. Lutgring et al.
BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance is a global health emergency. Persons colonized with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) are at risk for developing subsequent multidrug-resistant infections, as colonization represents an important precursor to invasive infection. Despite reports documenting t...
Julia C. Bennett, Marissa K. Hetrich, Maria Garcia Quesada, Jenna N. Sinkevitch et al.
serotype 1 (ST1) was an important cause of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) globally before the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) containing ST1 antigen. The Pneumococcal Serotype Replacement and Distribution Estimation (PSERENADE) project gathered ST1 IPD surveillance data f...
Stephanie W. Lo, Rebecca A. Gladstone, Andries J. van Tonder, Mignon du Plessis et al.
OBJECTIVES: We reported tet(S/M) in Streptococcus pneumoniae and investigated its temporal spread in relation to nationwide clinical interventions. METHODS: We whole-genome sequenced 12 254 pneumococcal isolates from 29 countries on an Illumina HiSeq sequencer. Serotype, multilocus ST and antibiotic...
Sana Mahtab, Zachary J. Madewell, Shabir A. Madhi, Amy Wise et al.
Abstract Background Invasive Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a common cause of early-onset neonatal sepsis and is also associated with stillbirth. This study aimed to determine the proportion of stillborn infants and infants who died between 0 and 90 days attributable to GBS using postmortem minimall...
Sana Mahtab, Zachary J. Madewell, Vicky L. Baillie, Ziyaad Dangor et al.
BACKGROUND: The role of meningitis in causing deaths and in children under 5 is unclear, especially since widespread use of vaccines to prevent common causes of meningitis. Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS) uses post-mortem minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS) and ante...
Sana Mahtab, Dianna M. Blau, Zachary J. Madewell, Ikechukwu U. Ogbuanu et al.
Joshua C D'Aeth, Mark PG van der Linden, Lesley McGee, Hermı́nia de Lencastre et al.
Selection by national-level antibiotic consumption and vaccination trends drives atypical recombinations, frequently resulting in interspecies sequence exchange at many sites across a bacterial species’ chromosome.