Shiv Kumar Sarin, Ashish Kumar, John Almeida, Yogesh Chawla et al.
The Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) set up a working party on acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) in 2004, with a mandate to develop consensus guidelines on various aspects of ACLF relevant to disease patterns and clinical practice in the Asia-Pacific region. Experts p...
Jennifer Luedtke, Janice Chanson, Kelsey Neam, Louise Hobin et al.
Abstract Systematic assessments of species extinction risk at regular intervals are necessary for informing conservation action 1,2 . Ongoing developments in taxonomy, threatening processes and research further underscore the need for reassessment 3,4 . Here we report the findings of the second Glob...
Shannon Takala‐Harrison, Christopher G. Jacob, Cesar Arze, Michael P. Cummings et al.
BACKGROUND: The emergence of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in Southeast Asia threatens malaria treatment efficacy. Mutations in a kelch protein encoded on P. falciparum chromosome 13 (K13) have been associated with resistance in vitro and in field samples from Cambodia. METHODS: P. fal...
Gregory A. Roth, Catherine O. Johnson, Kalkidan Hassen Abate, Foad Abd-Allah et al.
Importance: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States, but regional variation within the United States is large. Comparable and consistent state-level measures of total CVD burden and risk factors have not been produced previously. Objective: To quantify and des...
Tazeen H. Jafar, Mihir Gandhi, H. Asita de Silva, Imtiaz Jehan et al.
BACKGROUND: The burden of hypertension is escalating, and control rates are poor in low- and middle-income countries. Cardiovascular mortality is high in rural areas. METHODS: We conducted a cluster-randomized, controlled trial in rural districts in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. A total of 30...
Kristina E. Rudd, Christopher Seymour, Adam R. Aluisio, Marc E. Augustin et al.
Importance: The quick Sequential (Sepsis-Related) Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score has not been well-evaluated in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Objective: To assess the association of qSOFA with excess hospital death among patients with suspected infection in LMICs and to compare q...
David M. Geiser, Abdullah M. S. Al‐Hatmi, Takayuki Aoki, Tsutomu Arie et al.
Scientific communication is facilitated by a data-driven, scientifically sound taxonomy that considers the end-user’s needs and established successful practice. In 2013, the Fusarium community voiced near unanimous support for a concept of Fusarium that represented a clade comprising all agricultura...
Andrew Mertens, Jade Benjamin‐Chung, John M. Colford, Jeremy Coyle et al.
. Interventions such as nutritional supplementation during pregnancy and the postnatal period could help prevent growth faltering, but programmatic action has been insufficient to eliminate the high burden of stunting and wasting in low- and middle-income countries. Identification of age windows and...
Jade Benjamin‐Chung, Andrew Mertens, John M. Colford, Alan Hubbard et al.
. Stunting, a form of linear growth faltering, increases the risk of illness, impaired cognitive development and mortality. Global stunting estimates rely on cross-sectional surveys, which cannot provide direct information about the timing of onset or persistence of growth faltering-a key considerat...
Megan E. Carey, Zoe A. Dyson, Danielle J. Ingle, Afreenish Amir et al.
Background: serovar Typhi (Typhi) genomic data to inform public health action. This analysis, which marks 22 years since the publication of the first Typhi genome, represents the largest Typhi genome sequence collection to date (n=13,000). Methods: This is a meta-analysis of global genotype and anti...
Peter E. Jones, Jeroen S. Tummers, Shams M. Galib, Darragh J. Woodford et al.
Aquatic invasive species (AIS) are one of the principal threats to freshwater biodiversity. Exclusion barriers are increasingly being used as a management strategy to control the spread of AIS. However, exclusion barriers can also impact native organisms and their effectiveness is likely to be conte...
Raphaël Cinotti, Julio Mijangos, Paolo Pelosi, Matthias Hænggi et al.
Purpose Neurocritical care patients receive prolonged invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), but there is poor specific information in this high-risk population about the liberation strategies of invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods ENIO (NCT03400904) is an international, prospective observation...
Késia Esther da Silva, Arif Mohammad Tanmoy, Agila Kumari Pragasam, Junaid Iqbal et al.
BACKGROUND: The emergence of increasingly antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S Typhi) threatens to undermine effective treatment and control. Understanding where antimicrobial resistance in S Typhi is emerging and spreading is crucial towards formulating effective control str...
Andrew Mertens, Jade Benjamin‐Chung, John M. Colford, Alan Hubbard et al.
. Prevailing methods to measure wasting rely on cross-sectional surveys that cannot measure onset, recovery and persistence-key features that inform preventive interventions and estimates of disease burden. Here we analyse 21 longitudinal cohorts and show that wasting is a highly dynamic process of ...
Chun Yu Lok, Alison T. Merryweather‐Clarke, Vip Viprakasit, Yingyong Chinthammitr et al.
Hereditary hemochromatosis is an iron overload disorder that can lead to the impairment of multiple organs and is caused by mutations in one or more different genes. Type 1 hemochromatosis is the most common form of the disease and results from mutations in the HFE gene. Juvenile hemochromatosis (JH...
Michal Lyons
Prelims (Foreword, Nabeel Hamdi) Introduction Michal Lyons, Theo Schilderman and Graham Saunders Part I: Setting the Scene 1. Putting people at the centre of reconstruction Theo Schilderman 2. Can large-scale participation be peoplecentred? Evaluating reconstruction as development Michal Lyons 3. Th...
Viren Swami, Ulrich S. Tran, Stefan Stieger, Toivo Aavik et al.
The Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) is a widely used measure of a core facet of the positive body image construct. However, extant research concerning measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across a large number of nations remains limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset - w...
Robert J. Smith, Leon Bennun, Thomas M. Brooks, Stuart H. M. Butchart et al.
Abstract Systematic conservation planning and Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) are the two most widely used approaches for identifying important sites for biodiversity. However, there is limited advice for conservation policy makers and practitioners on when and how they should be combined. Here we pro...
Marina Silva, Marisa Oliveira, Daniel Vieira, Andreia Brandão et al.
BACKGROUND: India is a patchwork of tribal and non-tribal populations that speak many different languages from various language families. Indo-European, spoken across northern and central India, and also in Pakistan and Bangladesh, has been frequently connected to the so-called "Indo-Aryan invasions...
Anouk van Hooij, Elisa M. Tjon Kon Fat, Susan J. F. van den Eeden, Louis Wilson et al.
Early detection of leprosy is key to reduce the ongoing transmission. Antibodies directed against M. leprae PGL-I represent a useful biomarker for detecting multibacillary (MB) patients. Since efficient leprosy diagnosis requires field-friendly test conditions, we evaluated two rapid lateral flow as...