Joanna E Cohen, Kevin Welding, Olufemi Erinoso, Sejal Saraf et al.
INTRODUCTION: Flavors and depictions of flavors are attractive and facilitate initiation and use of tobacco products. However, little is known about the types of flavored products on the market, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. We describe the nature and extent of flavored cigarette...
Jennifer Brown, Kevin Welding, Joanna E Cohen, Rajeev Cherukupalli et al.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: To estimate and compare price differences between legal and illicit cigarettes in 14 low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). DESIGN: A cross-sectional census of all packs available on the market was purchased. SETTING: Cigarette packs were purchased in formal retail settings in thr...
Jennifer Brown, Katherine Clegg Smith, Kevin Welding, Joanna E Cohen
Objectives: In this paper, we assess compliance of cigarette packaging with policies in 9 countries that ban misleading descriptors, assess the presence of other packaging design elements that are misleading to consumers, and identify policy loopholes. Methods: Cigarette packages were systematically...
Katherine Clegg Smith, Kevin Welding, Cerise Kleb, Carmen Washington et al.
OBJECTIVES: Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are vital to the global tobacco market. The pack is key to cigarette branding, and review of cigarette packs revealed English as a common feature. The prevalence of English and its potential branding utility is explored. METHODS: Every available u...
Olufemi Erinoso, Kevin Welding, Katherine Clegg Smith, Joanna E Cohen
INTRODUCTION: Cigarettes designed to have less smoke smell were developed by the tobacco industry to supposedly reduce negative qualities. Cigarettes with marketing claims communicating these designs have been sold in high-income countries and marketing of "less smoke smell" terms on cigarette packa...
Katherine Clegg Smith, Kevin Welding, Michael Iacobelli, Sejal Saraf et al.
The appeal of smoking and specific brands has long been promoted through carefully crafted, aspirational characters that are highlighted in tobacco marketing.1 2 The Marlboro Man is the archetypal fictional character that associated smoking with aspirational personal and lifestyle attributes in orde...
Michael Iacobelli, Kevin Welding, Carmen Washington, Katherine HT Smith et al.
Background Two agents are responsible for producing effective cigarette health warning labels (HWLs): governments ensure HWL legislation is comprehensive with clear implementing rules, and tobacco companies are responsible for implementation. We determined what factors contribute to noncompliance wi...
Kevin Welding, Katherine Smith, Joanna E Cohen
Background Understanding the illicit cigarette market is important for tobacco control. Tobacco companies have used illicit trade to introduce products to new markets and avoid taxation. The industry lobbies against tobacco control efforts by warning about lost tax revenue from increased illicit tra...
Kevin Welding, Katherine Smith, Joanna E Cohen
Background Price is an important determinant of demand for tobacco products, with price increases being a highly effective tobacco control measure. This study investigates the availability and purchase prices of three brand variants within each of nine countries to better understand the distribution...