Michael S. Kramer, Ritsuko Kakuma
BACKGROUND: Although the health benefits of breastfeeding are widely acknowledged, opinions and recommendations are strongly divided on the optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Since 2001, the World Health Organization has recommended exclusive breastfeeding for six month Much of the recen...
Andrew Mertens, Jade Benjamin‐Chung, John M. Colford, Jeremy Coyle et al.
. Interventions such as nutritional supplementation during pregnancy and the postnatal period could help prevent growth faltering, but programmatic action has been insufficient to eliminate the high burden of stunting and wasting in low- and middle-income countries. Identification of age windows and...
Jade Benjamin‐Chung, Andrew Mertens, John M. Colford, Alan Hubbard et al.
. Stunting, a form of linear growth faltering, increases the risk of illness, impaired cognitive development and mortality. Global stunting estimates rely on cross-sectional surveys, which cannot provide direct information about the timing of onset or persistence of growth faltering-a key considerat...
Nele Friedrich, Henry Völzke, Christian Schwahn, Axel Krämer et al.
BACKGROUND: Periodontitis is an infection with systemic effects and a high prevalence among adults. In the aetiology of allergic diseases the hygiene hypothesis claims that infections in early infancy may protect against allergic diseases. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present analyses was to investigat...
Cody T. Ross, Paul L. Hooper, Jennifer E. Smith, Adrian V. Jaeggi et al.
To address claims of human exceptionalism, we determine where humans fit within the greater mammalian distribution of reproductive inequality. We show that humans exhibit lower reproductive skew (i.e., inequality in the number of surviving offspring) among males and smaller sex differences in reprod...
Abigail E. Page, Erik J. Ringen, Jeremy Koster, Monique Borgerhoff Mulder et al.
While it is commonly assumed that farmers have higher, and foragers lower, fertility compared to populations practicing other forms of subsistence, robust supportive evidence is lacking. We tested whether subsistence activities-incorporating market integration-are associated with fertility in 10,250...
Foreword Richard Pring. Acknowledgments. Introduction: Multidisciplinary Approaches to Educational Research: Case Studies from Europe and the Developing World Sadaf Rizvi Part I: Research with Early Years and Primary School Children 1. Photography, School Spaces and School Lives: Using Visual Method...
Djordjija Petkoski, Julia T. Tran, Patrick Avato, Olga Godunova et al.
Contents of the development outreach newsletter are as follows: business and poverty: opening markets to the poor by Petkoski, Djordjija B.; Rangan, Kasturi; and Laufer, William S.; the next four billion: characterizing BoP markets by Hammond, Allen L. Kramer, William J.; Katz, Robert S.; Julia T. T...