Sathish Subramanian, Sayeeda Huq, Tanya Yatsunenko, Rashidul Haque et al.
Therapeutic food interventions have reduced mortality in children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM), but incomplete restoration of healthy growth remains a major problem. The relationships between the type of nutritional intervention, the gut microbiota, and therapeutic responses are unclear. In ...
Jeanette L. Gehrig, Siddarth Venkatesh, Hao-Wei Chang, Matthew C. Hibberd et al.
To examine the contributions of impaired gut microbial community development to childhood undernutrition, we combined metabolomic and proteomic analyses of plasma samples with metagenomic analyses of fecal samples to characterize the biological state of Bangladeshi children with severe acute malnutr...
Robert Y. Chen, Ishita Mostafa, Matthew C. Hibberd, Subhasish Das et al.
BACKGROUND: More than 30 million children worldwide have moderate acute malnutrition. Current treatments have limited effectiveness, and much remains unknown about the pathogenesis of this condition. Children with moderate acute malnutrition have perturbed development of their gut microbiota. METHOD...
Margaret Kosek, Tahmeed Ahmed, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Laura E. Caulfield et al.
BACKGROUND: Environmental enteropathy (EE), the adverse impact of frequent and numerous enteric infections on the gut resulting in a state of persistent immune activation and altered permeability, has been proposed as a key determinant of growth failure in children in low- and middle-income populati...
Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade, James A Platts-Mills, Jessica C. Seidman, Sushil John et al.
Antibiotics can be a lifesaving treatment for children with bacterial infections and are the most commonly prescribed therapy among all medications given to children. Furthermore, both at the individual and population levels, antibiotic overuse drives the development and transmission of antimicrobia...
Arjun S. Raman, Jeanette L. Gehrig, Siddarth Venkatesh, Hao-Wei Chang et al.
Characterizing the organization of the human gut microbiota is a formidable challenge given the number of possible interactions between its components. Using a statistical approach initially applied to financial markets, we measured temporally conserved covariance among bacterial taxa in the microbi...
Caroline Amour, Jean Gratz, Estomih Mduma, Erling Svensen et al.
BACKGROUND: Enteropathogen infections have been associated with enteric dysfunction and impaired growth in children in low-resource settings. In a multisite birth cohort study (MAL-ED), we describe the epidemiology and impact of Campylobacter infection in the first 2 years of life. METHODS: Children...
Robert Y. Chen, Vanderlene L. Kung, Subhasish Das, Md. Shabab Hossain et al.
BACKGROUND: Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is an enigmatic disorder of the small intestine that is postulated to play a role in childhood undernutrition, a pressing global health problem. Defining the incidence of this disorder, its pathophysiological features, and its contribution to impai...
Michael J. Barratt, Sharika Nuzhat, Kazi Ahsan, Steven A. Frese et al.
Disrupted development of the gut microbiota is a contributing cause of childhood malnutrition. Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis is a prominent early colonizer of the infant gut that consumes human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). We found that the absolute abundance of Bifidobacterium infanti...
Md Ashraful Alam, Stephanie A. Richard, Shah Mohammad Fahim, Mustafa Mahfuz et al.
BACKGROUND: Globally more than 150 million children under age 5 years were stunted in 2018, primarily in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and the impact of early-onset, persistent stunting has not been well explored. To explore the association between early-onset persistent stunting in chil...
Sezanur Rahman, Md Mahfuzur Rahman, Mojnu Miah, Mst. Noorjahan Begum et al.
The protection against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants by pre-existing antibodies elicited due to the current vaccination or natural infection is a global concern. We aimed to investigate the rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its clinical features among infection-naïve, infected, vaccinated, and post-in...
Jade Benjamin‐Chung, Andrew Mertens, John M. Colford, Alan Hubbard et al.
. Stunting, a form of linear growth faltering, increases the risk of illness, impaired cognitive development and mortality. Global stunting estimates rely on cross-sectional surveys, which cannot provide direct information about the timing of onset or persistence of growth faltering-a key considerat...
Michael B. Arndt, Barbra A. Richardson, Tahmeed Ahmed, Mustafa Mahfuz et al.
Environmental enteropathy (EE), a subclinical intestinal disorder characterized by mucosal inflammation, reduced barrier integrity, and malabsorption, appears to be associated with increased risk of stunting in children in low- and middle-income countries. Fecal biomarkers indicative of EE (neopteri...
Baitun Nahar, Muttaquina Hossain, Mustafa Mahfuz, M Munirul Islam et al.
Information on the association between stunting and child development is limited from low-income settings including Bangladesh where 36% of children under- 5 are stunted. This study aimed to explore differences in early childhood development (ECD) between stunted (length-for-age z-score [LAZ] < -2) ...
Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade, Richard L. Guerrant, Alexandre Havt, Ila F.N. Lima et al.
BACKGROUND: Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) have been associated with mildly inflammatory diarrhea in outbreaks and in travelers and have been increasingly recognized as enteric pathogens in young children with and without overt diarrhea. We examined the risk factors for EAEC infections and their a...