Emily R. Smith, Anuraj H. Shankar, Lee Wu, Said Aboud et al.
BACKGROUND: Micronutrient deficiencies are common among women in low-income and middle-income countries. Data from randomised trials suggest that maternal multiple micronutrient supplementation decreases the risk of low birthweight and potentially improves other infant health outcomes. However, hete...
Andrew Mertens, Jade Benjamin‐Chung, John M. Colford, Jeremy Coyle et al.
. Interventions such as nutritional supplementation during pregnancy and the postnatal period could help prevent growth faltering, but programmatic action has been insufficient to eliminate the high burden of stunting and wasting in low- and middle-income countries. Identification of age windows and...
Jade Benjamin‐Chung, Andrew Mertens, John M. Colford, Alan Hubbard et al.
. Stunting, a form of linear growth faltering, increases the risk of illness, impaired cognitive development and mortality. Global stunting estimates rely on cross-sectional surveys, which cannot provide direct information about the timing of onset or persistence of growth faltering-a key considerat...
Nadia Akseer, Emily C Keats, Pravheen Thurairajah, Simon Cousens et al.
BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a critical period of maturation when nutrient needs are high, especially among adolescents entering pregnancy. Using individual-level data from 140,000 participants, we examined socioeconomic, nutrition, and pregnancy and birth outcomes for adolescent mothers (10-19 years)...
K. Ryan Wessells, Charles D. Arnold, Christine P. Stewart, Elizabeth L. Prado et al.
BACKGROUND: Small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNSs) have been shown to reduce the prevalence of child anemia and iron deficiency, but effects on other micronutrients are less well known. Identifying subgroups who benefit most from SQ-LNSs could support improved program design. OBJE...
Elizabeth L. Prado, Charles D. Arnold, K. Ryan Wessells, Christine P. Stewart et al.
BACKGROUND: Small-quantity (SQ) lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNSs) provide many nutrients needed for brain development. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to generate pooled estimates of the effect of SQ-LNSs on developmental outcomes (language, social-emotional, motor, and executive function), and to identi...
Kathryn G. Dewey, Charles D. Arnold, K. Ryan Wessells, Elizabeth L. Prado et al.
BACKGROUND: Meta-analyses show that small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNSs) reduce child wasting and stunting. There is little information regarding effects on severe wasting or stunting. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to identify the effect of SQ-LNSs on prevalence of severe wasting (weight...
Priyanka Barua, James G. Beeson, Kenneth Maleta, Per Ashorn et al.
BACKGROUND: Antibodies targeting malaria blood-stage antigens are important targets of naturally acquired immunity, and may act as valuable biomarkers of malaria exposure. METHODS: Six-hundred and one young Malawian children from a randomized trial of prenatal nutrient supplementation with iron and ...
The Antibiotics for Children With Diarrhea (ABCD) Study Group, Tahmeed Ahmed, Mohammod Jobayer Chisti, Muhammad Waliur Rahman et al.
Importance: World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines do not recommend routine antibiotic use for children with acute watery diarrhea. However, recent studies suggest that a significant proportion of such episodes have a bacterial cause and are associated with mortality and growth impairment, espec...
Mustafa Mahfuz, Mohammed Ashraful Alam, Subhasish Das, Shah Mohammad Fahim et al.
BACKGROUND: Childhood stunting is the most prevalent public health nutrition problem in low- and middle-income countries. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine whether daily supplementation in 12-18-mo-old undernourished Bangladeshi children with egg, cow milk, and multiple micronutrients improve...
Ishita Mostafa, Matthew C. Hibberd, Steven J. Hartman, Md Hasan Hafizur Rahman et al.
BACKGROUND: Globally, stunting affects ∼150 million children under five, while wasting affects nearly 50 million. Current interventions have had limited effectiveness in ameliorating long-term sequelae of undernutrition including stunting, cognitive deficits and immune dysfunction. Disrupted develop...
Patricia B. Pavlinac, James A Platts-Mills, Jie Liu, Hannah E Atlas et al.
BACKGROUND: Bacterial pathogens cause substantial diarrhea morbidity and mortality among children living in endemic settings, yet antimicrobial treatment is only recommended for dysentery or suspected cholera. METHODS: AntiBiotics for Children with severe Diarrhea was a 7-country, placebo-controlled...
Nagendra Monangi, Huan Xu, Rasheda Khanam, Waqasuddin Khan et al.
BACKGROUND: Selenium (Se), an essential trace mineral, has been implicated in preterm birth (PTB). We aimed to determine the association of maternal Se concentrations during pregnancy with PTB risk and gestational duration in a large number of samples collected from diverse populations. METHODS: Ges...
Emily C Keats, Nadia Akseer, Pravheen Thurairajah, Simon Cousens et al.
CONTEXT: Approximately 7.3 million births occur annually among adolescents in low- and middle-income countries. Pregnant adolescents constitute a nutritionally vulnerable group that could benefit from intervention to mitigate the mortality and adverse birth outcomes associated with adolescent pregna...
Elizabeth Hazel, Daniel J. Erchick, Joanne Katz, Anne CC Lee et al.
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to understand the mortality risks of vulnerable newborns (defined as preterm and/or born weighing smaller or larger compared to a standard population), in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). DESIGN: Descriptive multi-country, secondary analysis of individual-level study dat...
Hamada S. Badr, Josh M. Colston, Nhat-Lan H. Nguyen, Yen‐Ting Chen et al.
BACKGROUND: Diarrhoeal disease is a leading cause of childhood illness and death globally, and Shigella is a major aetiological contributor for which a vaccine might soon be available. The primary objective of this study was to model the spatiotemporal variation in paediatric Shigella infection and ...
Rina Das, Md Farhad Kabir, Per Ashorn, Jonathon Simon et al.
Malnutrition in women has been a long-standing public health concern, with serious effects on child survival and development. Maternal body mass index (BMI) is an important maternal nutritional indicator. There are few published studies although child anthropometric failures do not occur in isolatio...
Daniel J. Erchick, Elizabeth Hazel, Joanne Katz, A. C. C. Lee et al.
OBJECTIVE: To examine prevalence of novel newborn types among 541 285 live births in 23 countries from 2000 to 2021. DESIGN: Descriptive multi-country secondary data analysis. SETTING: Subnational, population-based birth cohort studies (n = 45) in 23 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) spanning...
Joshua W. Smith, Andrew Matchado, Lee Wu, Charles D. Arnold et al.
In utero or early-life exposure to aflatoxin, which contaminates staple crops in disadvantaged settings, may compromise pregnancy and infant outcomes, but investigations into the extent, persistence, and determinants of aflatoxin exposure at these life stages have lacked longitudinal data collection...
Elizabeth Hazel, Daniel J. Erchick, Joanne Katz, Anne CC Lee et al.
Abstract Objective To describe the mortality risks by fine strata of gestational age and birthweight among 230 679 live births in nine low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) from 2000 to 2017. Design Descriptive multi‐country secondary data analysis. Setting Nine LMICs in sub‐Saharan Africa, South...