Salim Yusuf, Philip Joseph, Sumathy Rangarajan, Shofiqul Islam et al.
Background: Global estimates of the impact of common modifiable risk factors on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality are largely based on data from separate studies, using different methodologies. The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study overcomes these limitations by using simila...
Mahshid Dehghan, Andrew Mente, Xiaohe Zhang, Sumathi Swaminathan et al.
Background The relationship between macronutrients and cardiovascular disease and mortality is controversial. Most available data are from European and North American populations where nutrition excess is more likely, so their applicability to other populations is unclear. Methods The Prospective Ur...
Salim Yusuf, Sumathy Rangarajan, Koon Teo, Shofiqul Islam et al.
BACKGROUND: More than 80% of deaths from cardiovascular disease are estimated to occur in low-income and middle-income countries, but the reasons are unknown. METHODS: We enrolled 156,424 persons from 628 urban and rural communities in 17 countries (3 high-income, 10 middle-income, and 4 low-income ...
Salim Yusuf, Shofiqul Islam, Clara K Chow, Sumathy Rangarajan et al.
Background Although most cardiovascular disease occurs in low-income and middle-income countries, little is known about the use of effective secondary prevention medications in these communities. We aimed to assess use of proven effective secondary preventive drugs (antiplatelet drugs, β blockers, a...
Marjan Walli-Attaei, Rasha Khatib, Martin McKee, Scott A. Lear et al.
BACKGROUND: Hypertension is considered the most important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, but its control is poor worldwide. We aimed to assess the availability and affordability of blood pressure-lowering medicines, and the association with use of these medicines and blood pressure control...
MyLinh Duong, Shofiqul Islam, Sumathy Rangarajan, Darryl P. Leong et al.
BACKGROUND: ) impairment and mortality, incident cardiovascular disease, and respiratory hospitalisations are unclear, and how these associations might vary across populations is unknown. METHODS: % <-2 SDs [ie, clinically abnormal range]). Follow-up was done every 3 years to collect information on ...
Gareth J. Norton, Alex Douglas, Brett Lahner, Elena Yakubova et al.
The mineral concentrations in cereals are important for human health, especially for individuals who consume a cereal subsistence diet. A number of elements, such as zinc, are required within the diet, while some elements are toxic to humans, for example arsenic. In this study we carry out genome-wi...
Gareth J. Norton, Guilan Duan, Tapash Dasgupta, Md. Rafiqul Islam et al.
The concentration of arsenic (As) in rice grains has been identified as a risk to human health. The high proportion of inorganic species of As (As(i)) is of particular concern as it is a nonthreshold, class 1 human carcinogen. To be able to breed rice with low grain As, an understanding of genetic v...
Gareth J. Norton, Md. Rafiqul Islam, Claire Deacon, Fang‐Jie Zhao et al.
For the world's population, rice consumption is a major source of inorganic arsenic (As), a nonthreshold class 1 carcinogen. Reducing the amount of total and inorganic As within the rice grain would reduce the exposure risk. In this study, grain As was measured in 76 cultivars consisting of Banglade...
Gareth J. Norton, Shannon R. M. Pinson, Jill Alexander, Susan McKay et al.
• Inorganic arsenic (As(i) ) in rice (Oryza sativa) grains is a possible threat to human health, with risk being strongly linked to total dietary rice consumption and consumed rice As(i) content. This study aimed to identify the range and stability of genetic variation in grain arsenic (As) in rice....
Shofiqul Islam, Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman, Md. Rafiqul Islam, Ravi Naidu
Rice is an essential staple food and feeds over half of the world's population. Consumption of rice has increased from limited intake in Western countries some 50years ago to major dietary intake now. Rice consumption represents a major route for inorganic arsenic (As) exposure in many countries, es...
Paul N. Williams, Shofiqul Islam, Md. Rafiqul Islam, M. Jahiruddin et al.
A reconnaissance of 23 paddy fields, from three Bangladesh districts, encompassing a total of 230 soil and rice plant samples was conducted to identify the extent to which trace element characteristics in soils and irrigation waters are reflected by the harvested rice crop. Field sites were located ...
Ryo Naito, Darryl P. Leong, Shrikant I. Bangdiwala, Martin McKee et al.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between social isolation and mortality and incident diseases in middle-aged adults in urban and rural communities from high-income, middle-income and low-income countries. DESIGN: Population-based prospective observational study. SETTING: Urban and rural communi...
Karen L. Huyck, Molly L. Kile, Golam Mahiuddin, Quazi Quamruzzaman et al.
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the effects of maternal arsenic exposure on birth weight. METHODS: Hair, toenail, and drinking water samples were collected from pregnant women (n = 52) at multiple time points during pregnancy and from their newborns after birth. Total arsenic was measured using inductive...
Philip Joseph, V. Raman Kutty, Viswanathan Mohan, Rajesh Kumar et al.
AIM: To examine the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), of death, and the comparative effects of 12 common modifiable risk factors for both outcomes in South Asia. METHODS AND RESULTS: Prospective study of 33 583 individuals 35-70 years of age from India, Bangladesh, or Pakistan. Mean follow-...