Ting Shi, David McAllister, Katherine L. O’Brien, Eric A. F. Simões et al.
BACKGROUND: We have previously estimated that respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was associated with 22% of all episodes of (severe) acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) resulting in 55 000 to 199 000 deaths in children younger than 5 years in 2005. In the past 5 years, major research activity on...
You Li, Rachel M Reeves, Xin Wang, Quique Bassat et al.
BACKGROUND: Influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, and metapneumovirus are the most common viruses associated with acute lower respiratory infections in young children (<5 years) and older people (≥65 years). A global report of the monthly activity of these viruses is nee...
Sultan Ahmed, Sultana Mahabbat-e Khoda, Rokeya Sultana Rekha, Renee M. Gardner et al.
BACKGROUND: Arsenic (As) exposure during pregnancy induces oxidative stress and increases the risk of fetal loss and low birth weight. OBJECTIVES: In this study we aimed to elucidate the effects of As exposure on immune markers in the placenta and cord blood, and the involvement of oxidative stress....
Rubhana Raqib, Sultan Ahmed, Rokeya Sultana, Yukiko Wagatsuma et al.
Chronic exposure to arsenic, a potent carcinogen and toxicant, via drinking water is a worldwide public health problem. Because little is known about early-life effects of arsenic on immunity, we evaluated the impact of in utero exposure on infant immune parameters and morbidity in a pilot study. Pr...
Rubhana Raqib, Dewan S Alam, Protim Sarker, Shaikh Meshbahuddin Ahmad et al.
Background Low birth weight is generally an outcome of a fetal insult or nutritional insufficiency. Recent studies have shown that such exposure early in life may have long-term implications for later immunocompetence and susceptibility to infectious diseases. Objective We aimed to investigate the e...
Britta Fängström, Sophie E. Moore, Barbro Nermell, Linda Kuenstl et al.
BACKGROUND: Chronic arsenic exposure causes a wide range of health effects, but little is known about critical windows of exposure. Arsenic readily crosses the placenta, but the few available data on postnatal exposure to arsenic via breast milk are not conclusive. AIM: Our goal was to assess the ar...
Megan W. Bourassa, Saskia Osendarp, Seth Adu‐Afarwuah, Saima Ahmed et al.
Inadequate micronutrient intakes are relatively common in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), especially among pregnant women, who have increased micronutrient requirements. This can lead to an increase in adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. This review presents the conclusions of a task for...
Andrew Mertens, Jade Benjamin‐Chung, John M. Colford, Jeremy Coyle et al.
. Interventions such as nutritional supplementation during pregnancy and the postnatal period could help prevent growth faltering, but programmatic action has been insufficient to eliminate the high burden of stunting and wasting in low- and middle-income countries. Identification of age windows and...
Jade Benjamin‐Chung, Andrew Mertens, John M. Colford, Alan Hubbard et al.
. Stunting, a form of linear growth faltering, increases the risk of illness, impaired cognitive development and mortality. Global stunting estimates rely on cross-sectional surveys, which cannot provide direct information about the timing of onset or persistence of growth faltering-a key considerat...
Sultan Ahmed, Sophie E. Moore, Maria Kippler, Renee M. Gardner et al.
Prenatal arsenic exposure has been associated with reduced thymic index and increased morbidity in infants, indicating arsenic-related impaired immune function. We aimed at elucidating potential effects of pre- and postnatal arsenic exposure on cell-mediated immune function in pre-school aged childr...
Andrew Mertens, Jade Benjamin‐Chung, John M. Colford, Alan Hubbard et al.
. Prevailing methods to measure wasting rely on cross-sectional surveys that cannot measure onset, recovery and persistence-key features that inform preventive interventions and estimates of disease burden. Here we analyse 21 longitudinal cohorts and show that wasting is a highly dynamic process of ...
Sophie E. Moore, AM Prentice, Yukiko Wagatsuma, AJC Fulford et al.
AIM: The aim was to assess the impact of nutritional status and environmental exposures on infant thymic development in the rural Matlab region of Bangladesh. METHODS: In a cohort of N(max) 2094 infants born during a randomized study of combined interventions to improve maternal and infant health, t...
Sophie Hawkesworth, Yukiko Wagatsuma, Maria Kippler, Anthony J. C. Fulford et al.
BACKGROUND: Chronic exposure to toxic metals such as arsenic and cadmium has been implicated in the development of kidney and cardiovascular diseases but few studies have directly measured exposure during inutero and early child development. METHODS: We investigated the impact of exposure to arsenic...
Sophie E. Moore, Andrew M. Prentice, W. Andy Coward, Antony Wright et al.
Background The World Health Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding until age 6 mo. Studies relying on mothers' self-reported behaviors have shown that lactation counseling increases both the rate and duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Objective We aimed to validate reported infant feeding...
Helena Skröder, Sophie Hawkesworth, Maria Kippler, Shams El Arifeen et al.
Background Early-life exposure to toxic compounds may cause long-lasting health effects, but few studies have investigated effects of childhood exposure to nephrotoxic metals on kidney and cardiovascular function. Objectives To assess effects of exposure to arsenic and cadmium on kidney function and...