Jacob Creswell, Andrew James Codlin, Emmanuel André, Mark A. Micek et al.
BACKGROUND: The Xpert MTB/RIF assay has garnered significant interest as a sensitive and rapid diagnostic tool to improve detection of sensitive and drug resistant tuberculosis. However, most existing literature has described the performance of MTB/RIF testing only in study conditions; little inform...
Colin McCord, Qumrul Hasan Chowdhury
Mortality has improved dramatically in most of South Asia as a consequence of modest economic improvement, better nutrition and a combination of health education, immunization, family planning and home treatment of certain common diseases, especially diarrhea and respiratory infections. However, dea...
John Muscedere, Tasnim Sinuff, Daren K. Heyland, Peter Dodek et al.
Background Ventilator-associated conditions (VACs) and infection-related ventilator-associated complications (iVACs) are the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's new surveillance paradigms for patients who are mechanically ventilated. Little is known regarding the clinical impact and prevent...
Robert Pattinson, Kate Kerber, Peter Waiswa, Louise T. Day et al.
BACKGROUND: In high-income countries, national mortality audits are associated with improved quality of care, but there has been no previous systematic review of perinatal audit in low- and middle-income settings. OBJECTIVES: To present a systematic review of facility-based perinatal mortality audit...
Chang Park, Kapil Sugand, Dinesh Nathwani, Rajarshi Bhattacharya et al.
Background and purpose - The COVID-19 pandemic has been recognized as an unprecedented global health crisis. This is the first observational study to evaluate its impact on the orthopedic workload in a London level 1 trauma center (i.e., a major trauma center [MTC]) before (2019) and during (2020) t...
Kee-Tai Goh, Jeffery Cutter, B. H. Heng, Stefan Ma et al.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was imported into Singapore in late February 2003 by a local resident who returned from a holiday in Hong Kong and started an outbreak in the hospital where she was admitted on 1 March 2003. The disease subsequently spread to 4 other healthcare institutions a...
Alicia M. Fry, Doli Goswami, Kamrun Nahar, Amina Tahia Sharmin et al.
Background Influenza causes substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Few data exist for the efficacy of neuraminidase inhibitors, which are the only readily available influenza treatment options, especially in low-income settings. We assessed the efficacy of treatment with the neuraminidase in...
Comilla Sasson, Hendrika Meischke, Benjamin S. Abella, Robert A. Berg et al.
Jordan Peck, James C. Benneyan, Deborah Nightingale, Stephan A. Gaehde
OBJECTIVES: The objectives were to evaluate three models that use information gathered during triage to predict, in real time, the number of emergency department (ED) patients who subsequently will be admitted to a hospital inpatient unit (IU) and to introduce a new methodology for implementing thes...
Paul Wilkinson, Jeremy Sayer, Koorithottumkal Laji, Chris Grundy et al.
Abstract Objective : To compare mortality in south Asian (Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi) and white patients in the six months after hospital admission for acute myocardial infarction. Design : Observational study. Setting : District general hospital in east London. Patients : 149 south Asian an...
Jason E. Buick, Ian R. Drennan, Damon C. Scales, Steven C. Brooks et al.
Background Considerable effort has gone into improving outcomes from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Studies suggest that survival is improving; however, prior studies had insufficient data to pursue the relationship between markers of guideline compliance and temporal trends. The objective o...
Abdullah H Baqui, Shams El Arifeen, Emma Williams, Saifuddin Ahmed et al.
BACKGROUND: : Infections account for about half of neonatal deaths in low-resource settings. Limited evidence supports home-based treatment of newborn infections by community health workers (CHW). METHODS: : In one study arm of a cluster randomized controlled trial, CHWs assessed neonates at home, u...
Gary L. Darmstadt, Yoonjoung Choi, Shams El Arifeen, Sanwarul Bari et al.
BACKGROUND: To evaluate a delivery strategy for newborn interventions in rural Bangladesh. METHODS: A cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted in Mirzapur, Bangladesh. Twelve unions were randomized to intervention or comparison arm. All women of reproductive age were eligible to participate...
Sarah S. Osmundson, Leslie A. Schornack, Jennifer L. Grasch, Lisa C. Zuckerwise et al.
OBJECTIVE: To characterize postdischarge opioid use and examine factors associated with variation in opioid prescribing and consumption. METHODS: We conducted a prospective observational cohort study by recruiting all women undergoing cesarean delivery during an 8-week period, excluding those with m...
Shanshan Zhang, Peter M. Sammon, Isobel King, Ana Lúcia Andrade et al.
BACKGROUND: Childhood pneumonia is a major cause of childhood illness and the second leading cause of child death globally. Understanding the costs associated with the management of childhood pneumonia is essential for resource allocation and priority setting for child health. METHODS: We conducted ...