Mohammad H. Forouzanfar, Ashkan Afshin, Lily Alexander, H Ross Anderson et al.
BACKGROUND: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 provides an up-to-date synthesis of the evidence for risk factor exposure and the attributable burden of disease. By providing national and subnational assessments spanning the past 25 years, this study can inform debat...
Willian A. da Silveira, Hossein Fazelinia, Sara Brin Rosenthal, Evagelia C. Laiakis et al.
Spaceflight is known to impose changes on human physiology with unknown molecular etiologies. To reveal these causes, we used a multi-omics, systems biology analytical approach using biomedical profiles from fifty-nine astronauts and data from NASA’s GeneLab derived from hundreds of samples flown in...
Stephanie R Psaki, Jessica C. Seidman, Mark Miller, Michael Gottlieb et al.
BACKGROUND: There is no standardized approach to comparing socioeconomic status (SES) across multiple sites in epidemiological studies. This is particularly problematic when cross-country comparisons are of interest. We sought to develop a simple measure of SES that would perform well across diverse...
Omnia El Omrani, Alaa Dafallah, Blanca Paniello-Castillo, Bianca Q. R. C. Amaro et al.
BACKGROUND: With deteriorating ecosystems, the health of mankind is at risk. Future health care professionals must be trained to recognize the interdependence of health and ecosystems to address the needs of their patients and communities. Health issues related to, e.g. climate change and air pollut...
Barbro Nermell, Anna‐Lena Lindberg, Mahfuzar Rahman, Marika Berglund et al.
This study aims at evaluating the suitability of adjusting urinary concentrations of arsenic, or any other urinary biomarker, for variations in urine dilution by creatinine and specific gravity in a malnourished population. We measured the concentrations of metabolites of inorganic arsenic, creatini...
Matthew Shupler, Perry Hystad, Aaron Birch, Daniel Miller-Lionberg et al.
BackgroundApproximately 2·8 billion people are exposed to household air pollution from cooking with polluting fuels. Few monitoring studies have systematically measured health-damaging air pollutant (ie, fine particulate matter [PM2·5] and black carbon) concentrations from a wide range of cooking fu...
Song-Nian Yin, Richard B. Hayes, Martha S. Linet, Guilan Li et al.
A large cohort study of 74,828 benzene-exposed and 35,805 unexposed workers employed between 1972 and 1987 in 12 cities in China were followed to determine mortality from all causes and the incidence of lymphohematopoietic malignancies and other hematologic disorders. Benzene-exposed study subjects ...
Gail A. Wasserman, Xinhua Liu, Faruque Parvez, Yu Chen et al.
BACKGROUND Exposure to inorganic arsenic (As) from drinking water is associated with modest deficits in intellectual function in young children; it is unclear whether deficits occur during adolescence, when key brain functions are more fully developed. OBJECTIVES We sought to determine the degree to...
Lesley Fairley, Báltica Cabieses, Neil Small, Emily Petherick et al.
BACKGROUND: Almost all studies in health research control or investigate socioeconomic position (SEP) as exposure or confounder. Different measures of SEP capture different aspects of the underlying construct, so efficient methodologies to combine them are needed. SEP and ethnicity are strongly asso...
Wei‐Cheng Lo, Chi-Chang Ho, Eva Tseng, Jing‐Shiang Hwang et al.
BACKGROUND: Although a number of studies have reported on the health effects of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure, particularly in North American and European countries as well as China, the evidence about intermediate to high levels of PM2.5 exposures is still limited. We aimed to investigat...
Ruoran Xu, Xin Hua, Qi Rui, Dayong Wang
The mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mt UPR) is important for organisms against the toxicity from toxicants and stresses. Polystyrene nanoparticle (PS-NP), one of the emerging pollutants, has aroused increasing concern for its toxicity in the offspring. Nevertheless, the molecular basis for ...
Shuo Liu, Youn-Hee Lim, Jie Chen, Maciek Strak et al.
Abstract Rationale Ambient air pollution exposure has been linked to mortality from chronic cardiorespiratory diseases, while evidence on respiratory infections remains more limited. Objectives We examined the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and pneumonia-related mortality in...
Jianjun Gao, Shantanu Roy, Tong Lin, Maria Argos et al.
Background Inorganic arsenic is a carcinogen whose mode of action may involve telomere dysfunction. Recent epidemiological studies suggest that chronic arsenic exposure is associated with longer telomeres and altered expression of telomere-related genes in peripheral blood. In this study, we evaluat...
Melissa J. Whitrow, Seeromanie Harding
BACKGROUND: Ethnic differences in the prevalence of asthma among children in the UK are under-researched. We aimed to determine the ethnic differences in the prevalence of asthma and atopic asthma in children from the main UK ethnic groups, and whether differences are associated with differential di...
Humayan Kabir Rana, Mst. Rashida Akhtar, Mohammad Boshir Ahmed, Píetro Lió et al.
Background Welding exposes different types of fumes, gases and radiant energy that can be potentially dangerous for unsafe welder’s health. Welding fumes (WFs) are a significant problem among all those exposed. WFs are a complex mixture of metallic oxides, silicates and fluorides that may result in ...