Luregn J. Schlapbach, R. Scott Watson, Lauren R. Sorce, Andrew C. Argent et al.
Importance: Sepsis is a leading cause of death among children worldwide. Current pediatric-specific criteria for sepsis were published in 2005 based on expert opinion. In 2016, the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3) defined sepsis as life-threatening org...
Dilara Islam, Lisa Bandholtz, Jakob Nilsson, Hans Wigzell et al.
Antibacterial peptides are active defense components of innate immunity. Several studies confirm their importance at epithelial surfaces as immediate barrier effectors in preventing infection. Here we report that early in Shigella spp. infections, expression of the antibacterial peptides LL-37 and h...
Rubhana Raqib, Protim Sarker, Peter Bergman, Gul Ara et al.
Shigella is a major cause of morbidity, mortality, and growth retardation for children in developing countries. Emergence of antibiotic resistance among Shigellae demands the development of effective medicines. Previous studies found that the endogenous antimicrobial peptide LL-37 is down-regulated ...
Kristina E. Rudd, Christopher Seymour, Adam R. Aluisio, Marc E. Augustin et al.
Importance: The quick Sequential (Sepsis-Related) Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score has not been well-evaluated in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Objective: To assess the association of qSOFA with excess hospital death among patients with suspected infection in LMICs and to compare q...
Meiling Su, Chaofei Chen, Shaoying Li, Musheng Li et al.
Platelets have emerged as key inflammatory cells implicated in the pathology of sepsis, but their contributions to rapid clinical deterioration and dysregulated inflammation have not been defined. Here, we show that the incidence of thrombocytopathy and inflammatory cytokine release was significantl...
W D B Clements, Rowan W. Parks, P Erwin, M I Halliday et al.
BACKGROUND: Gram negative septic events are the commonest source of morbidity and mortality as a result of surgery in jaundiced patients. The large intestine provides the major source of Gram negative bacteria in mammals and is implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic endotoxaemia in obstructive j...
Waheeda Nargis, Md Ibrahim, Borhan Uddin Ahamed
BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis and appropriate therapy of sepsis is a daily challenge in intensive care units (ICUs) despite the advances in critical care medicine. Procalcitonin (PCT); an innovative laboratory marker, has been recently proven valuable worldwide in this regard. OBJECTIVES: This study w...
Dieudonnée Togbe, Silvia Schnyder‐Candrian, Bruno Schnyder, Emilie Doz et al.
Recent studies on endotoxin/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute inflammatory response in the lung are reviewed. The acute airway inflammatory response to inhaled endotoxin is mediated through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and CD14 signalling as mice deficient for TLR4 or CD14 are unresponsive to en...
Umama Khan, Sabrina Chowdhury, Md Morsaline Billah, Kazi Mohammed Didarul Islam et al.
Neutrophils form sticky web-like structures known as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as part of innate immune response. NETs are decondensed extracellular chromatin filaments comprising nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. NETs have been implicated in many gastrointestinal diseases including colo...
Silvia Schnyder‐Candrian, Valérie Quesniaux, Franco Di Padova, Isabelle Maillet et al.
Abstract The administration of endotoxins from Gram-negative bacteria induces manifestations reminding of acute respiratory distress syndrome. p38 MAPKs have been implicated in this pathology. In this study, we show that the specific p38 α,β MAPK inhibitor, compound 37, prevents LPS-induced bronchoc...
Firdausi Qadri, Rubhana Raqib, Firoz Ahmed, Taufiqur Rahman et al.
Investigations were carried out to study the production of factors associated with the innate immune response in the systemic and mucosal compartments in adults and children infected with Vibrio cholerae O1 and V. cholerae O139. The levels of nonspecific mediators of the innate defense system, i.e.,...
Paulraj Kanmani, Leonardo Albarracín, Hisakazu Kobayashi, Hikaru Iida et al.
HighlightsEPSs from L. delbrueckii OLL1073R‐1 (LDR‐1) modulate TLR3‐mediated immune response in PIE cells.EPS from LDR‐1 improves type I interferon production and interferon‐induced antiviral genes.EPS from LDR‐1 differentially regulates the expression of inflammatory cytokines in response to TLR3 a...
Nicolas Noulin, Valérie Quesniaux, Silvia Schnyder‐Candrian, Bruno Schnyder et al.
Inhaled endotoxin induces an inflammatory response that contributes to the development and severity of asthma and other forms of airway disease. Here, we show that inhaled endotoxin-induced acute bronchoconstriction, TNF, IL-12p40, and KC production, protein leak, and neutrophil recruitment in the l...
Brian L. Browning, Claudia Hüebner, Ivonne Petermann, Richard B. Gearry et al.
OBJECTIVES: Published association studies of the TLR4 Asp299Gly polymorphism and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in caucasian populations have inconsistent results. We tested two TLR4 variants for association with IBD in the New Zealand caucasian population and assessed the cumulative evidence for ...
Lynn L. Stoll, Gerene M. Denning, Wei-Gen Li, James B. Rice et al.
Low-level endotoxemia has been identified as a powerful risk factor for atherosclerosis. However, little is known about the mechanisms that regulate endotoxin responsiveness in vascular cells. We conducted experiments to compare the relative responses of human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAE...