Anneli Ivarsson, O Hernell, L Nyström, L Å Persson
STUDY OBJECTIVE: Coeliac disease, also called permanent gluten sensitive enteropathy, is being recognised as a widespread health problem. Defining the possible role of environmental factors in its aetiology might open doors to primary prevention. This study therefore analysed if the risk for coeliac...
Shafiqul Alam Sarker, Shamima Sultana, George J. Fuchs, Nur Alam et al.
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that selected strains of lactobacilli that are administered orally result in a modest reduction of diarrhea duration. However, duration alone is not considered optimal for therapeutic evaluation of any agent in diarrhea. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of a n...
Robert E. Black, Olivier Fontaine, Laura Lamberti, Maharaj Kishan Bhan et al.
BACKGROUND: Childhood diarrhea deaths have declined more than 80% from 1980 to 2015, in spite of an increase in the number of children in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Possible drivers of this remarkable accomplishment can guide the further reduction of the half million annual child death...
R. Lodinová‐Žádníková, Božena Cukrowská, Helena Tlaskalová‐Hogenová
BACKGROUND: The development of allergies is a complex in which both composition and influence of the intestinal flora play an important role. We observed in earlier studies that the presence of an orally administered probiotic Escherichia coli strain in the intestine stimulated both a serum and loca...
Anna Lundgren, Louis Bourgeois, Nils Carlin, John D. Clements et al.
BACKGROUND: We have developed a new oral vaccine against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), which is the most common cause of bacterial diarrhea in children in developing countries and in travelers. METHODS: The vaccine was tested for safety and immunogenicity alone and together with double-mu...
Joel Kimmons, Kathryn G. Dewey, Emdadul Haque, J. Chakraborty et al.
We assessed the adequacy of nutrient intakes of 135 rural Bangladeshi breast-fed infants 6-12 mo of age and examined nutritional trade-offs due to possible displacement of breast milk by complementary foods. Observers completed 12-h daytime measurements of breast milk and complementary food intakes;...
Md Nuruzzaman Khan, M. Mofizul Islam
BACKGROUND: Despite growing evidence in support of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) among infants in the first 6 months of birth, the debate over the optimal duration of EBF continues. This study examines the effect of termination of EBF during the first 2, 4 and 6 months of birth on a set of adverse h...
The WHO ACTION Trials Collaborators
BACKGROUND: The safety and efficacy of antenatal glucocorticoids in women in low-resource countries who are at risk for preterm birth are uncertain. METHODS: We conducted a multicountry, randomized trial involving pregnant women between 26 weeks 0 days and 33 weeks 6 days of gestation who were at ri...
Diana H. Taft, Jinxin Liu, María X. Maldonado-Gómez, Samir Akre et al.
Infants are vulnerable to an array of infectious diseases, and as the gut microbiome may serve as a reservoir of AMR for pathogens, reducing the levels of AMR in infants is important to infant health. This study demonstrates that high levels of Bifidobacterium are associated with reduced levels of A...
Prakash Joshi, Mirak Raj Angdembe, Sumon Kumar Das, Shahnawaz Ahmed et al.
BACKGROUND: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) means that the infant receives only breast milk for the first six months of life after birth. In Bangladesh, the prevalence of EBF remained largely unchanged for nearly two decades and was 43% in 2007. However, in 2011, a prevalence of 64% was reported, an i...
Hilton C. Deeth
This study examines the association between household air pollution from use of polluting cooking fuels and perinatal mortality in Bangladesh. We analysed the data from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys (BDHS) 2004, 2007, 2011, and 2014. The two outcome variables were stillbirth and earl...
Filteau, Lietz, Generose Mulokozi, Sabrina Bilotta et al.
Previously, we have found that subclinical breast inflammation, as indicated by raised breastmilk concentrations of sodium and the inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-8 (IL-8), was highly prevalent in Bangladesh and associated with poor infant growth. In order to investigate further the prevalence of...
Fahmida Tofail, Iqbal Kabir, Jena Hamadani, Fahima Chowdhury et al.
Supplementation of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in infancy improves neuro-developmental outcomes, but there is limited information about the impact of supplementing pregnant mothers with DHA on the development of their infants. In a follow-up of a randomized, double-blind controlled trial with 400 pre...
Kathryn G. Dewey, Malay Kanti Mridha, Susana L Matias, Charles D. Arnold et al.
Background: Stunting in linear growth occurs mainly during the first 1000 d, from conception through 24 mo of age. Despite the recognition of this critical period, there have been few evaluations of the growth impact of interventions that cover most of this window. Objective: We evaluated home forti...
Firdausi Qadri, Marjahan Akhtar, Taufiqur Rahman Bhuiyan, Mohiul Islam Chowdhury et al.
BACKGROUND: Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli causes diarrhoea, leading to substantial mortality and morbidity in children, but no specific vaccine exists. This trial tested an oral, inactivated, enterotoxigenic E coli vaccine (ETVAX), which has been previously shown to be safe and highly immuongenic...