Robert W Aldridge, Dan Lewer, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi, Rohini Mathur et al.
<ns4:p> <ns4:bold>Background</ns4:bold> : International and UK data suggest that Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) groups are at increased risk of infection and death from COVID-19. We aimed to explore the risk of death in minority ethnic groups in England using data reported by NHS England. <...
Roger I. Glass, Stan Becker, M. I. Huq, Barbara J. Stoll et al.
Since 1963, the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), formerly the Cholera Research Laboratory, has maintained a field station in Matlab to treat patients from a surveillance population of 240,000 who have cholera and other diarrheal diseases. Since 1966, the au...
Robert E. Black, Kenneth H. Brown, Stan Becker
Village-based surveillance data from longitudinal studies in rural Bangladesh have been used to evaluate the nutritional consequences of infectious diseases, including diarrhea due to specific pathogens. The prevalences of specific illnesses were related to the ponderal and linear growth of young ch...
Robert E. Black, MichaelH. Merson, Atikur Rahman, Mohammad Yunus et al.
Enteric pathogens associated with diarrhea were studied for two years at a diarrhea treatment center in rural Bangladesh. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) was the most frequently identified pathogen for patients of all ages. Rotavirus and ETEC were isolated from approximately 50% and approxim...
Jon E. Rohde, Simon Cousens, Mickey Chopra, Viroj Tangcharoensathien et al.
We assessed progress for primary health care in countries since Alma-Ata. First we analysed life expectancy relative to national income and HIV prevalence to identify overachieving and underachieving countries. Then we focused on the 30 low-income and middle-income countries with the highest average...
Jennifer Bryce, César G. Victora, Jean‐Pierre Habicht, Robert E. Black et al.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the expectations held by World Health Organization programme personnel about how the introduction of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy would lead to improvements in child health and nutrition, to compare these expectations with what was learned fr...
Abdullah H Baqui, Robert E. Black, Shams El Arifeen, Mohammad Yunus et al.
Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effect on morbidity and mortality of providing daily zinc for 14 days to children with diarrhoea. Design: Cluster randomised comparison. Setting: Matlab field site of International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh. Participants: 8070 children age...
Robert E. Black, Kenneth H. Brown, Stan Becker, A. R. M. A. Alim et al.
Longitudinal studies were done in two villages rural Bangladesh to learn more about the interactions between infectious diseases and the nutritional status of children. Diarrheal diseases, identified by surveillance of 197 children aged 2-60 months, were studied for bacterial, viral and parasitic en...
Roger I. Glass, Jan Holmgren, Charles E. Haley, M. R. Khan et al.
At the Matlab Hospital of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, the authors examined the blood groups of patients hospitalized between January and September 1979 for diarrheal disease due to a variety of bacterial and viral agents. A significant association was identi...
Samba O. Sow, Khitam Muhsen, Dilruba Nasrin, William C. Blackwelder et al.
BACKGROUND: The importance of Cryptosporidium as a pediatric enteropathogen in developing countries is recognized. METHODS: Data from the Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS), a 3-year, 7-site, case-control study of moderate-to-severe diarrhea (MSD) and GEMS-1A (1-year study of MSD and less-sever...
Robert E. Black, Kenneth H. Brown, Stan Becker
Diarrhea and malnutrition are common in young children in developing countries and a reciprocal relationship has been postulated with diarrhea leading to malnutrition and malnutrition predisposing to diarrhea. To investigate the importance of malnutrition as a determining factor in diarrheal illness...
Maureen M. Black, Abdullah H Baqui, K. Zaman, Lars Åke Persson et al.
BACKGROUND Iron and zinc deficiency are prevalent during infancy in low-income countries. OBJECTIVES The objectives were to examine whether a weekly supplement of iron, zinc, iron+zinc, or a micronutrient mix (MM) of 16 vitamins and minerals would alter infant development and behavior. DESIGN The pa...
Robert E. Black, Kenneth H. Brown, Stan Becker, Mohammad Yunus
Longitudinal studies were done in two villages in rural Bangladesh to learn more about the interactions between infectious diseases and the nutritional status of children. An intensive system of surveillance was used to determine the occurrence and frequency of infectious diseases in a cohort of 197...
Shams El Arifeen, DM Emdadul Hoque, Tasnima Akter, Muntasirur Rahman et al.
Background WHO and UNICEF launched the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy in the mid-1990s to reduce deaths from diarrhoea, pneumonia, malaria, measles, and malnutrition in children younger than 5 years. We assessed the effect of IMCI on health and nutrition of children young...
Gary L. Darmstadt, M Mao-Qiang, Emil Chi, SK Saha et al.
UNLABELLED: Topical therapy to enhance skin barrier function may be a simple, low-cost, effective strategy to improve outcome of preterm infants with a developmentally compromised epidermal barrier, as lipid constituents of topical products may act as a mechanical barrier and augment synthesis of ba...